Table 1.

Research on the application of some probiotics in livestock and poultry farming.

Probiotics	Animals	Functionality	Reference
Bacillus paralicheniformis (SN-6)	Simmental beef cattle	Increases body weight, alters metabolomic patterns in Simmental beef cattle, and increases the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Enriches intestinal metabolites to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Enhances amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism pathways	Yang et al., 2022
Lactobacillus plantarum	Ovine	Increased digestibility and reduced methane emissions	Zhang et al., 2022
Lactobacillus acidophilus	Ovine	Reducing Salmonella carriage in sheep	Pepoyan et al., 2020
Bacillus subtilis	Infected computer in a botnet	Improve broiler growth performance and enhance intestinal immunity	Khalifa et al., 2023
Bacillus licheniformis	Ovine	Reducing methane emissions from sheep while increasing ration conversion rates	Deng et al., 2018
Lactobacillus rhamnosus	Piglet	Improves the physical, biological and immune barrier of the intestinal mucosa and benefits the intestinal health of pre-weaned piglets	Wang et al., 2019b
Enterococcus faecalis	Milk cow	Its secretion produces the peptide AS-48, which is used in the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows	Davidse et al., 2004
Enterococcus faecium	Pigeon	Improve antioxidant performance and immune function of pigeon, promote growth and improve meat quality	Han et al., 2022
Ruminococcus flavefaciens	Lambs	Increases daily lamb weight gain and nutrient digestibility, reduces NH3 -N and methane production, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions	Kumar et al., 2021
Clostridium butyricum	Goats	Improving rumen fermentation and growth performance of goats under heat stress	Cai et al., 2021
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (H57)	Ovine calf	Affects animal behaviour, promotes digestion and increases body weight	Schofield et al., 2018
Pichia kudriavzevii	Mongolian gazelle	Enhanced acetate-based fermentation for fibre and lipid digestion	Wang et al., 2022