Table 2.

Summary of inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Study characteristic	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Communication type	Journal and conference proceedings.	Letters, short communications, technical notes, and other non–peer-reviewed literature. Non–evidence-based guidelines, letters to the editor, and expert opinion papers.
Injury classification	Before, during, or after the clinical diagnosis of sacroiliac joint dysfunction which included or incorporated the use of wearables as a viable method of evaluating sacroiliac joint motion.	Articles reporting exclusively on activity monitoring from global navigation satellite systems and injury surveillance without biomechanical measurements.
Classification of wearable	Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, or a combination of these (inertial measurement unit), foot/shoe insoles (pressure mapping).	Temperature sensors, pulse oximeters, pressure sensors, correlated glycemic measurement sensors, biosensitivity techniques, smartphone apps and related sensors, rehabilitation, and monitoring ambulator–based sensors.
Defined running gait outcome measure	Spatiotemporal (global outcomes of the running gait cycle): running velocity, acceleration of the center of mass, distance, displacement, ground contact time, step length, step frequency (cadence), stance time, and flight time were included. Kinematics (description of segmental or joint movement, generally in the 3 cardinal planes, namely, sagittal, coronal [frontal], and transverse planes, without consideration for forces). Kinetic (the action of forces in producing or changing motion): for example, ground reaction force, peak pressure, center of pressure, braking, impulse, time to peak pressure, pressure time integral, loads, force time integral, and contact area.	Studies aiming to determine running power or economy were excluded as well as studies investigating walking gait variability or regularity. Studies evaluating robotic systems, exoskeletons, prosthetics, and virtual reality environments were excluded. Studies investigating the use of biofeedback or gait retraining (ie, nonnatural running gait) and studies involving the use of altered weight conditions (eg, wearable resistance, antigravity treadmills, or water-based protocols). Computer algorithms; machine learning or statistical approaches; and those using robotic systems, exoskeletons, prosthetics, and virtual reality environments.
Participant	Age >18 years, male and female. Endurance running included runners regularly completing over 5 km in training or competitive situations. The endurance runner was partaking in regular running-related events (eg, recreational, fun runs) or competitive-based events (eg, competition, professional, elite). The runner was classified as an athlete running more than 5 km in a single protocol session, either during repeated trials or in studies that classified participants as endurance runners.	Age <18 years. Endurance runners not regularly completing over 5 km in training or competitive situations. Studies done on animals and cadavers.