Table 3.

Comparative overviewa of wearable sensor modalities used in running today.

Category	Technology	Capabilities	Pros	Cons
Soft tissue injury prevention	Surface electromyogram	Identifies muscle recruitment and potential weaknesses	Small, wireless, and provides live data	Low signal-to-noise ratio
Workload management and athletic performance	GPS, inertial measurement unit, and accelerometers	Distance, velocity, acceleration, deceleration, mediolateral movement, work, power, dehydration, fatigue, athletic performance, detecting gait parameters	Good range of data points	No biometric data and GPS can be pricey
Cardiac health	Electrocardiogram/photoplethysmography sensors	Heart rate, sleep rate, heart rate variability, respiration, muscle oxygen saturation, atrial fibrillation, stress levels, respiration rates, blood volume, and body temperature	Accurate and cost-effective	Price point

^aThe table presents a comparative overview of common wearable sensors currently available rather than the components used for analysis (ie, some studies used an inertial measurement unit, but only analyzed data from 1 element of the unit).