Table 3.
Descriptive statistics by Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) categories
| MDS score categories | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Score 0–3 | Score 4–6 | Score 7–9 | Total | ||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | Test statistics | |
| Quartile median | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 | |||||
| IQR | 2, 3 | 4, 6 | 7, 8 | 3, 6 | |||||
| Age | |||||||||
| <50 years | 3491 | 37·1 | 5294 | 35·3 | 1119 | 33·0 | 9904 | 35·6 | χ 2 = 21·6; df = 4, P < 0·001 |
| 50–59 years | 3068 | 32·6 | 5123 | 34·2 | 1169 | 34·5 | 9360 | 33·7 | |
| ≥60 years | 2854 | 30·3 | 4585 | 30·6 | 1101 | 32·5 | 8540 | 30·7 | |
| Mean | 54·1 | 54·3 | 54·9 | 54·3 | P < 0·001* | ||||
| sd | 8·6 | 8·6 | 8·5 | 8·6 | |||||
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 3821 | 40·1 | 5854 | 39·0 | 1355 | 40·0 | 11 030 | 39·7 | χ 2 = 6·1; df = 2, P = 0·047 |
| Female | 5592 | 59·9 | 9148 | 61·0 | 2034 | 60·0 | 16 774 | 60·3 | |
| SEIFA quintiles | |||||||||
| SEIFA Q1 | 1872 | 20·0 | 2508 | 16·8 | 467 | 13·9 | 4847 | 17·5 | χ 2 = 177; df = 8, P < 0·001 |
| SEIFA Q2 | 2086 | 22·3 | 3091 | 20·7 | 604 | 18·0 | 5781 | 20·9 | |
| SEIFA Q3 | 1494 | 16·0 | 2420 | 16·2 | 497 | 14·8 | 4411 | 16·0 | |
| SEIFA Q4 | 1667 | 17·8 | 2749 | 18·4 | 685 | 20·4 | 5101 | 18·5 | |
| SEIFA Q5 | 2243 | 24·0 | 4146 | 27·8 | 1110 | 33·0 | 7499 | 27·1 | |
| Ethnic origin | |||||||||
| AU/NZ/Others | 6277 | 66·7 | 9995 | 66·6 | 2250 | 66·4 | 18 522 | 66·6 | χ 2 = 39·4; df = 4, P < 0·001 |
| UK | 562 | 6·0 | 970 | 6·5 | 301 | 8·9 | 1833 | 6·6 | |
| Southern Europe | 2574 | 27·4 | 4037 | 26·9 | 838 | 24·7 | 7449 | 26·8 | |
| Smoking status | |||||||||
| Never | 5614 | 59·6 | 8945 | 59·6 | 1997 | 58·9 | 16 556 | 59·6 | χ 2 = 71·6; df = 8, P < 0·001 |
| Former | 2574 | 27·4 | 4403 | 29·4 | 1102 | 32·5 | 8079 | 29·1 | |
| Current | 1225 | 13·0 | 1653 | 11·0 | 290 | 8·6 | 3168 | 11·4 | |
| Alcohol dinking status | |||||||||
| Never | 3117 | 33·5 | 4166 | 28·1 | 581 | 17·3 | 7864 | 28·6 | χ 2 = 341; df = 4, P < 0·001 |
| Former | 974 | 10·5 | 1496 | 10·1 | 357 | 10·6 | 2827 | 10·3 | |
| Current | 5206 | 56·0 | 9184 | 61·9 | 2429 | 72·1 | 16 819 | 61·1 | |
| Physical activity score 56·0 | |||||||||
| 0 | 2443 | 26·0 | 3286 | 21·9 | 563 | 16·6 | 6292 | 22·6 | χ 2 = 202·5; df = 6, P < 0·001 |
| >0 and <4 | 1932 | 20·5 | 3023 | 20·2 | 673 | 19·9 | 5628 | 20·2 | |
| ≥4 and <6 | 3225 | 34·3 | 5171 | 34·5 | 1200 | 35·4 | 9596 | 34·5 | |
| ≥6 | 1813 | 19·3 | 3522 | 23·5 | 953 | 28·1 | 6288 | 22·6 | |
| WHR at baseline | |||||||||
| Normal WHR | 6099 | 64·9 | 10 089 | 67·3 | 2332 | 68·8 | 18 520 | 66·7 | χ 2 = 23; df = 4, P < 0·001 |
| Raised WHR | 3302 | 35·1 | 4906 | 32·7 | 1056 | 31·2 | 9264 | 33·3 | |
| Mean | 0·84 | 0·83 | 0·83 | 0·84 | P < 0·001* | ||||
| sd | 0·1 | 0·1 | 0·1 | 0·1 | |||||
| BMI at baseline | |||||||||
| <25 | 3400 | 36·2 | 5795 | 38·6 | 1344 | 39·7 | 10 539 | 37·9 | χ 2 = 32; df = 4, P < 0·001 |
| 25–29·9 | 4115 | 43·8 | 6391 | 42·6 | 1485 | 43·8 | 11 991 | 43·2 | |
| ≥30 | 1889 | 20·1 | 2810 | 18·7 | 559 | 16·5 | 5258 | 18·9 | |
| Mean | 26·8 | 26·6 | 26·4 | 26·7 | P < 0·001* | ||||
| sd | 4·3 | 4·3 | 3·9 | 4·3 | |||||
| Energy intake (kJ/d) | |||||||||
| Mean | 7408 | 9820 | 12 043 | 9274 | P < 0·001* | ||||
| sd | 2678 | 3647 | 4072 | 3728 | |||||
IQR, interquartile range; SEIFA, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas; WHR, waist-to-hip circumference ratio.
*
P for trend.