Table 1.
General characteristics of participants according to quartiles of LCD score
| Quartiles of LCD score (total n 2074) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n) (n 2074) | Q1 (n 563) | Q2 (n 443) | Q3 (n 567) | Q4 (n 501) | P-value | |
| n | % | % | % | % | ||
| Age (year) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 448 | 26·3 % | 20·8 % | 29·0 % | 23·9 % | 0·14 |
| 30–39 | 487 | 28·1 % | 21·6 % | 25·9 % | 24·4 % | |
| 40–49 | 521 | 22·8 % | 22·3 % | 29·9 % | 25·0 % | |
| 50–59 | 379 | 32·5 % | 18·2 % | 25·9 % | 23·5 % | |
| 60–69 | 227 | 28·2 % | 26·4 % | 22·9 % | 22·5 % | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 996 | 28·2 % | 20·8 % | 27·2 % | 23·8 % | 0·71 |
| Female | 1069 | 26·1 % | 22·1 % | 27·3 % | 24·5 % | |
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 415 | 29·4 % | 21·0 % | 23·4 % | 26·3 % | 0·16 |
| Lower than high school diploma | 632 | 27·4 % | 21·4 % | 29·1 % | 22·2 % | |
| High school diploma or college | 653 | 26·8 % | 20·2 % | 29·7 % | 23·3 % | |
| University | 355 | 24·2 % | 24·2 % | 24·2 % | 27·3 % | |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never smoker | 1805 | 26·9 % | 21·3 % | 27·4 % | 24·4 % | 0·96 |
| Current smoker | 175 | 28·6 % | 21·1 % | 26·3 % | 24·0 % | |
| Ex-smoker | 37 | 18·9 % | 24·3 % | 29·7 % | 27·0 % | |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 224 | 26·8 % | 21·0 % | 28·6 % | 23·7 % | 0·86 |
| Married | 1775 | 27·3 % | 21·5 % | 26·8 % | 24·3 % | |
| Widowed or divorced | 69 | 24·6 % | 17·4 % | 34·8 % | 23·2 % | |
| Mets | ||||||
| Yes | 840 | 29·0 % | 20·6 % | 28·5 % | 21·9 % | *0·04 |
| No | 1138 | 25·2 % | 22·4 % | 26·2 % | 26·2 % | |
| Abdominal obesity | ||||||
| Yes | 852 | 29·0 % | 21·1 % | 27·3 % | 22·5 % | 0·29 |
| No | 1201 | 25·7 % | 21·7 % | 27·1 % | 25·4 % | |
| High blood pressure | ||||||
| Yes | 1386 | 27·3 % | 27·8 % | 23·4 % | 0·46 | |
| No | 607 | 26·0 % | 21·6 % | 25·9 % | 26·5 % | |
| Hyperglycemia | ||||||
| Yes | 594 | 28·4 % | 18·8 % | 26·9 % | 25·9 % | 0·25 |
| No | 1479 | 26·6 % | 22·4 % | 27·5 % | 23·5 % | |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | ||||||
| Yes | 1293 | 27·4 % | 20·3 % | 28·5 % | 23·8 % | 0·32 |
| No | 781 | 26·8 % | 23·0 % | 25·5 % | ||
| Low HDL-cholesterol | ||||||
| Yes | 729 | 28·0 % | 21·4 % | 28·3 % | 22·4 % | 0·52 |
| No | 1336 | 26·6 % | 21·5 % | 26·7 % | 25·1 % | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| Median | 26·5 | 26·7 | 26·5 | 26·6 | 26·1 | 0·44 |
| IQR | 23·5–29·9 | 23·0–30·0 | 23·6–30·1 | 23·3–29·8 | 23·4–29·4 | |
| Physical activity level (Met/h/week) | ||||||
| Median | 106·1 | 99·0 | 102·8 | 106·1 | 125·7 | *0·04 |
| IQR | 35·4–183·1 | 31·3–166·4 | 35·4–184·3 | 41·3–191·1 | 42·4–192·9 | |
LCD, low-carbohydrate diet; IQR, interquartile range.
*
Comparisons were performed using χ 2 or Kruskal–Wallis tests for categorical and continues variables, respectively.
P < 0·05 was considered as a significance level.
Data were presented as n (%) for categorical variables or median and IQR for continues variables.