Table 2.
Characteristics of study participants across tertiles of energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores‡
| Variables | E-DII Score | P | HEI-2015 Score | P | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 < –0·922 (n 49) | T2 (n 50) | T3 ≥ –0·547 (n 51) | T1 < 57 (n 54) | T2 (n 49) | T3 ≥ 64 (n 47) | |||||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | |||
| E-DII score | –0·44 | 0·53 | –0·65 | 0·49* | –0·88 | 0·34*,† | <0·001 | |||||||
| HEI-2015 Score | 63·37 | 6·57 | 60·96 | 9·22* | 57·15 | 5·75*,† | 0·003 | |||||||
| Male | 0·414 | 0·051 | ||||||||||||
| n | 5 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 3 | ||||||||
| % | 10·2 | 16 | 11·8 | 9·3 | 20·4 | 6·4 | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 39·26 | 9·08 | 41·34 | 11·88 | 44·33 | 10·01 | 0·052 | 42·63 | 10·73 | 41·02 | 11·06 | 41·28 | 9·86 | 0·71 |
| Weight (kg) | 63·71 | 9·02 | 62·75 | 9·31 | 65·12 | 9·83 | 0·442 | 65·62 | 7·34 | 63·54 | 9·42 | 62·80 | 10·69 | 0·32 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24·38 | 2·76 | 24·20 | 2·93 | 25·20 | 3·75 | 0·247 | 25·53 | 2·66 | 24·16 | 3·45 | 24·28 | 3·22 | 0·08 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 84·51 | 6·73 | 84·17 | 8·31 | 86·25 | 12·67 | 0·511 | 86·6 | 8·36 | 83·9 | 12·24 | 84·27 | 7·50 | 0·30 |
| Smoker | 0·098 | 0·22 | ||||||||||||
| n | 8 | 8 | 16 | 13 | 49 | 6 | ||||||||
| % | 16·3 | 16 | 31·4 | 24·1 | 26·5 | 12·8 | ||||||||
| University education | 0·516 | 0·50 | ||||||||||||
| n | 16 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 18 | 15 | ||||||||
| % | 32·7 | 36 | 25·5 | 25·9 | 36·7 | 31·9 | ||||||||
| Physical activity (MET-h/week) | 6·53 | 3·80 | 5·15 | 2·21 | 6·27 | 4·63 | 0·141 | 6·65 | 5·50 | 6·14 | 2·92 | 5·29 | 2·36 | 0·19 |
| Sleep duration (h/d) | 7·12 | 1·36 | 7·49 | 1·50 | 7·11 | 1·63 | 0·378 | 7·26 | 1·70 | 7·04 | 1·49 | 7·40 | 1·26 | 0·51 |
| Time spent sitting (h/d) | 5·04 | 1·64 | 5·40 | 2·14 | 5·51 | 2·43 | 0·514 | 5·37 | 2·46 | 5·29 | 1·95 | 5·30 | 1·83 | 0·981 |
| Dietary supplementation | 0·747 | 0·50 | ||||||||||||
| n | 20 | 24 | 21 | 25 | 18 | 22 | ||||||||
| % | 40·8 | 48 | 41·2 | 47·2 | 36·7 | 46·8 | ||||||||
| Family history of Arthritis | 0·692 | 0·097 | ||||||||||||
| n | 11 | 15 | 14 | 19 | 8 | 13 | ||||||||
| % | 22·4 | 30 | 27·5 | 35·2 | 16·3 | 27·7 | ||||||||
MET, metabolic equivalents.
P values were obtained from ANOVA with Tukey’s test as post hoc pairwise comparison for quantitative variables and χ 2 test for qualitative variables.
*
P < 0·05, significant difference from the first tertile (T1).
†
P < 0·05, a significant difference from the second tertile (T2).