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. 2024 Jun 4;15(6):392. doi: 10.1038/s41419-024-06706-6

Fig. 5. FBP1 regulates keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation in glycolysis-dependent manner.

Fig. 5

a Ctrl or shFBP1-2 HaCaT cells were incubated for an additional 24 h in growth medium 3 days after plating. Medium was collected and lactate content was measured, n = 3 independent experiments. b Ctrl or shFBP1-2 HaCaT cells were treated with 2-NBDG (100 μM) for 30 min and images were taken with an excitation wavelength of 485 nm and an emission wavelength of 535 nm. Scale bars: 100 µm. c Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of Ctrl and shFBP1-2 HaCaT cells were detected using a Seahorse XF extracellular flux instrument, n = 3 independent experiments. d Ctrl or shFBP1-2 HaCaT cells were treated with 0 mM (−), 1 mM (+) or 2 mM (++) 2-DG for 2 days, and then exposed to 0.06 mM (−) or 1.2 mM (+) calcium for 6 days before collection. The indicated proteins were detected by western blots. e Ctrl or shFBP1-2 HaCaT cells were plated (1000 cells/well) and cultured with or without 1 mM 2-DG for 2 weeks. The colonies were stained with 0.1% crystal violet and counted, n = 3 independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d. Statistical analyses in (a), (c) and (e) were performed with Student’s t-tests. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.