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. 2024 May 22;18:1305867. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1305867

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Copyright © 2024 Lin, Gong, Wu, Lin, Zhang, Lin, Huang and Zhu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Activation of the cAMP signaling pathway by ADCY3 improves epileptic epilepsy. (A) Behavioral observation in mice (Racine score), n = 10, *indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 group and the oe-NC group (p < 0.05), # indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 + RMI 12330A group and the oe-ADCY3 + DMSO group (p < 0.05). (B) Analysis of mouse EEG, Vertical arrows indicate the beginning and end of seizures in mice. (C) Frequency of epileptic epilepsy, n = 10, *indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 group and the oe-NC group (p < 0.05), # indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 + RMI 12330A group and the oe-ADCY3 + DMSO group (p < 0.05). (D,E) Expression levels of ADCY3, CREB, pCREB, cAMP, and PKA in mice as detected by Western Blot and ELISA, n = 6, *indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 group and the oe-NC group (p < 0.05), ns indicates no difference between the oe-ADCY3 + RMI 12330A group and the oe-ADCY3 + DMSO group (p > 0.05). (F) Detection of sIPSC using electrophysiological techniques, scale bar, 100 ms and 1,000 pA, n = 20 neurons, bar graph (right) represents frequency and amplitude. (G) Detection of eIPSC using electrophysiological techniques, scale bar, 2 s and 20 pA, n = 20 neurons, bar graph (right) represents amplitude. (H) Measurement of the relative intensity changes of calcium ions in different groups of mice neurons using calcium imaging techniques (scale bar = 25 μm), n = 10 cells, *indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 group and the oe-NC group (p < 0.05), # indicates difference between the oe-ADCY3 + RMI 12330A group and the oe-ADCY3 + DMSO group (p < 0.05).