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. 2023 Dec 19;31(6):641–853. doi: 10.5551/jat.GL2022

Table 17. Step 2 Diagnosis and additional assessment of each risk factor.

2A Hypertension
In‐clinical blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or home blood pressure ≥ 135/85 mmHg
24‐hour monitoring of blood pressure as needed (to differentiate between nocturnal and workplace hypertension)
2B Diabetes mellitus
2B‐1) When suspicion of diabetes cannot be ruled out
HbA1c 5.6‐6.4%, fasting blood glucose 100‐125 mg/dL, non‐fasting blood glucose 140‐199 mg/dL, or a family history of intense diabetes or obesity → 75 gOGTT (except those with obvious diabetic symptoms)
2B‐2) When diagnosed with diabetes
If both HbA1c and blood glucose are diabetic type in the same blood sample, or if blood glucose is diabetic type and the patient has typical symptoms (dry mouth, polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss) or definite diabetic retinopathy, or if the diabetic type is reconfirmed by examination on another day (however, at least the initial and second examination, blood glucose must be diabetic type) → Fundus examination, urine albumin/Cr ratio (spot urine determination non‐fasting)
2C Dyslipidemia
LDL‐C ≥ 140 mg/dL, HDL‐C <40 mg/dL, fasting TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, or non‐HDL‐C ≥ 170 mg/dL → check for corneal ring / Achilles tendon thickening / skin and tendon xanthoma / rash xanthoma
2D CKD
eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria lasting >3 months
2E Metabolic syndrome
Abdominal circumference ≥ 85 cm (men) or ≥ 90 cm (women) and 2 or more of the following: serum lipid abnormalities (HDL‐C <40 mg/dL or fasting TG ≥ 150 mg/dL), high blood pressure (≥ 130/85 mmHg), high blood glucose (fasting blood glucose ≥ 110 mg/dL)