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. 2024 May 23;10(11):e31730. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31730

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Overview of the Proposed Method. The method processes the input image (a) to generate a confidence map for plant probability (b), pixel probabilities for crop lines (c), and vectors for plant displacement (d). These outputs help detect plantation lines and count plants. The information is then classified and analyzed using an edge classification module (f) and a graph-based model (e).