Table 1.
Interventions associated with reduction in the risk of fatal or non-fatal stroke in individuals with type 2 diabetes
| Study | Design | Intervention | Risk of fatal or non-fatal stroke | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calculated risk | 95% CI | p value | |||
| Steno-2 (2016) [75] | RCT | Intensive treatment of CV risk factors (stepwise implementation of behaviour modification, medications targeting hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and microalbuminuria) | HR 0.31 | 0.14, 0.69 | 0.004 |
| GLP-1 RAs | |||||
| SUSTAIN-6 (2016) [98] | RCT | Semaglutide (weekly) | HR 0.61 | 0.38, 0.99 | 0.004 |
| REWIND (2019) [99] | RCT | Dulaglutide | HR 0.76 | 0.62, 0.94 | 0.010 |
| Benn (2021) [79] | Meta-analysis | Overall (class effect) | RR 0.85 | 0.77, 0.94 | 0.002 |
| Sattar (2021) [76] | Meta-analysis | Overall (class effect) | RR 0.83 | 0.76, 0.92 | <0.001 |
| Thiazolidinediones | |||||
| Benn (2021) [79] | Meta-analysis | Overall (class effect) | RR 0.82 | 0.69, 0.98 | 0.025 |
| Secondary stroke prevention | |||||
| Thiazolidinediones | |||||
| PROactive (2005) [81] | RCT | Pioglitazone | HR 0.53 | 0.34, 0.85 | 0.009 |
| IRIS (2019) [100] | RCT | Pioglitazone | HR 0.76 | 0.62, 0.93 | 0.007 |