Figure 1.

Overall design of our study. In this study, we aim to explore the causal association of cytokines with sarcopenia and aging traits and further identify the significant inflammation factors by using bidirectional Mendelian randomization. Forty‐one markers and seven sarcopenia and aging traits were included, and six single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) filtration steps were employed to satisfy the three major assumptions for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Inverse‐variance weighted, MR‐Egger and weighted median were employed to estimate the causality.