. 2024 Jun 6;22(6):e8814. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8814

TABLE 9.

Percent retinol supplement users in EU surveys and retinol intake from food supplements among users.

Country Survey name (N subjects) Reference	Dietary method, (N of days)	Sex	Age Range (years)	% Retinol supplement users in total survey sample/among supplements users	Retinol intake from supplements only, P95 (μg RE/day)	Contribution of supplements to retinol intake, mean (%)
Denmark DANSDA 2011–2013 (n = 3936) (Hindborg, 2015, unpublished)	Face‐to‐face interview	m + f m f m f m f	4–10 11–17 11–17 18–50 18–50 51–75 51–75	61 ^a /NR 47 ^a /NR 43 ^a /NR 42 ^a /NR 51 ^a /NR 44 ^a /NR 58 ^a /NR	NR	26 37 60 35 50 37 54
Ireland NPNS 2011–2012 (n = 500) NCFS II 2017–2018 (n = 600) NTFS II 2019–2020 (n = 428) NANS 2008–2010 (n = 1500) (Kehoe & Walton, 2022)	Weighted food diary (4d)	m + f	1–4 5–12 13–18 18–64 65–90	12.4/57.9 14/64.6 4.1/29.3 12.4/41.7 16.8/44.7	800 480 833 1001 1092	34 36 17 25 25
Netherlands ^b DNFCS 2012–2016 (n = 4313) (van Rossum et al., 2022)	Questionnaire (online/paper)	m	1–3 3–10 10–14 14–18 18–65 65–80	15/17 23/40 15/36 9/27 13/35 13/37	368 778 772 746 1159 1233	NR NR NR NR NR NR
f ^c	1–3 3–10 10–14 14–18 18–65 65–80	15/17 20/33 18/38 9/21 18/30 18/30	581 596 789 744 1114 1114	NR NR NR NR NR NR

Country

Survey name

(N subjects)

Reference

Dietary method, (N of days)

Sex

Age

Range (years)

% Retinol supplement users in total survey sample/among supplements users

Retinol intake from supplements only, P95 (μg RE/day)

Contribution of supplements to retinol intake, mean (%)

Denmark

DANSDA 2011–2013 (n = 3936)

(Hindborg, 2015, unpublished)

Face‐to‐face interview

m + f

4–10

11–17

18–50

51–75

61 ^a /NR

47 ^a /NR

43 ^a /NR

42 ^a /NR

51 ^a /NR

44 ^a /NR

58 ^a /NR

Ireland

NPNS 2011–2012 (n = 500)

NCFS II 2017–2018 (n = 600)

NTFS II 2019–2020 (n = 428)

NANS 2008–2010 (n = 1500) (Kehoe & Walton, 2022)

Weighted food diary (4d)

m + f

1–4

5–12

13–18

18–64

65–90

12.4/57.9

14/64.6

4.1/29.3

12.4/41.7

16.8/44.7

800

480

833

1001

1092

Netherlands ^b

DNFCS 2012–2016 (n = 4313)

(van Rossum et al., 2022)

Questionnaire (online/paper)

1–3

3–10

10–14

14–18

18–65

65–80

15/17

23/40

15/36

9/27

13/35

13/37

368

778

772

746

1159

1233

f ^c

1–3

3–10

10–14

14–18

18–65

65–80

15/17

20/33

18/38

9/21

18/30

581

596

789

744

1114

Abbreviations: DANSDA, Danish National Survey of Diet and Physical Activity; DNFCS, Dutch National Food Consumption Survey; NANS, National Adult Nutrition Survey; NCFS, National Children's Food Survey; NPNS, National Pre‐School Nutrition Survey; NR, not reported; NTFS, National Teens Food Survey.

^{^a}

% users of multivitamin/mineral supplements. By default, multivitamin/mineral supplements were considered to contain retinol based on Danish households purchases data.

^{^b}

Assumed that all vitamin A is retinol. The % of retinol supplement users was calculated among all multivitamin supplement users.

^{^c}

Excluding pregnant and lactating women.