TABLE 10.
Daily intake of β‐carotene (mg/day) from food sources (supplements and fortified foods excluded) across EU dietary surveys by population group.
| Population group, age range | N of surveys | Males | Females | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | P95 a | Mean | P95 a | ||||||
| Min. b | Max. b | Min. b | Max. b | Min. b | Max. b | Min. b | Max. b | ||
| Infants, ≥ 4 to < 12 months | 12 | 1.4 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 6.7 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 6.6 |
| Toddlers, ≥ 1 to < 3 years | 15 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 7.9 | 1.2 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 7.6 |
| Young children, ≥ 3 to < 7 years | 20 | 1.4 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 8.2 | 1.2 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 7.8 |
| Older children, ≥ 7 to < 10 years | 15 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 9.3 | 1.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 8.8 |
| Young adolescents, ≥ 10 to < 14 years | 20 | 1.3 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 10.7 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 8.8 |
| Older adolescents, ≥ 14 to <18 years | 19 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 9.4 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 11.0 |
| Adults, ≥ 18 to < 65 years | 22 | 1.9 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 10.2 | 1.7 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 12.5 |
| Older adults, ≥ 65 years | 23 | 2.0 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 10.8 | 1.8 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 10.7 |
| Pregnant women | 6 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 10.5 | ||||
| Lactating women | 2 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 | ||||
| Vegetarians c | 1 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 10.1 | 10.1 |
Abbreviations: n, number, P, percentile.
a
The 95th percentile estimates obtained from dietary surveys and population groups with fewer than 60 subjects may not be statistically robust (EFSA, 2011a, 2011b) and consequently are not considered in this table.
b
Minimum and maximum mean and 95th percentile estimates across EU surveys, for each population group.
c
Age range (12–70 years).