Table 1:
Descriptive statistics for clinical measurements and epigenetic aging estimates, according to environmental exposure
| Clean air | Ozone | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimated outcome (units; n participants) | Pre-exposure mean (SD) | 24-h follow-up mean (SD) | Normalized value | Pre-exposure mean (SD) | 24-h follow-up mean (SD) | Normalized value |
| HF (ms2; 16) | 2266 (1850) | 2988 (1138) | 2.21 (2.22) | 2808 (2245) | 2552 (1886) | 1.05 (0.58) |
| QRS (wave complexity; 16) | 0.35 (0.12) | 0.37 (0.13) | 1.07 (0.09) | 0.37 (0.15) | 0.38 (0.14) | 1.04 (0.07) |
| QTc (ms, HR corrected; 16) | 405 (22) | 403 (25) | 0.99 (0.04) | 402 (19) | 398 (23) | 0.99 (0.03) |
| CRP (ng/ml; 12) | 889 (1716) | 1010 (1866) | 1.39 (1.37) | 1500 (3797) | 1560 (2791) | 2.16 (1.81) |
| IL-1 (pg/ml; 12) | 0.23 (0.14) | 0.22 (0.17) | 0.96 (0.69) | 0.15 (0.10) | 0.27 (0.23) | 1.76 (1.01) |
| IL-6 (pg/ml; 12) | 2.35 (1.32) | 2.25 (1.14) | 0.98 (0.19) | 2.22 (1.53) | 2.07 (1.30) | 0.98 (0.23) |
| IL-8 (pg/ml; 12) | 1.25 (0.88) | 1.22 (0.57) | 1.13 (0.40) | 1.00 (0.70) | 1.02 (0.51) | 1.17 (0.44) |
| PAI-1 (ng/ml; 11) | 3.32 (2.02) | 3.42 (2.46) | 1.25 (0.94) | 3.20 (2.21) | 2.32 (2.33) | 0.76 (0.53) |
| FEV1 (l/s; 16) | 4.53 (0.61) | 4.53 (0.66) | 0.99 (0.03) | 4.48 (0.63) | 4.41 (0.63) | 0.98 (0.02) |
| DNAmAge (years; 17) | 21.59 (3.82) | 22.47 (4.75) | ||||
| EAA Difference (years; 17) | −3.70 (3.16) | −2.82 (3.25) | ||||
| EAA Residual (years; 17) | −0.86 (2.98) | 0.02 (3.28) | ||||
Abbreviations: HF = high-frequency heart rate domain; HR corrected = heart rate corrected; QRS = QRS wave complexity; SD = standard deviation.