Table 2.
Weighted mean and standard deviation of fear of eleven factors by World Health Organization region, economic development level, and COVID-19 severity level*
| Fear factors |
WHO regions |
Economic development levels |
COVID-19 severity levels |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
EUR
|
AMR
|
EMR
|
WPR
|
AFR
|
SEAR
|
High
|
Upper-middle
|
Lower-middle
|
Low
|
High
|
Medium
|
Low
|
||
| Number of countries |
3 |
6 |
5 |
9 |
4 |
3 |
12 |
9 |
6 |
3 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
| Fear of factors (0–10, higher scores indicating higher level of fear) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. COVID-19
|
6.60 (2.48) |
6.73 (2.93) |
3.96 (3.00) |
6.91 (2.49) |
5.89 (3.16) |
6.08 (2.59) |
6.63 (2.68) |
6.16 (2.98) |
5.55 (2.99) |
5.47 (3.42) |
5.75 (3.18) |
5.88 (2.97) |
6.60 (2.72) |
|
|
2. Cancer
|
7.78 (2.72) |
7.29 (3.05) |
5.62 (3.73) |
7.55 (2.71) |
6.62 (3.12) |
6.36 (2.84) |
7.42 (2.86) |
6.90 (3.24) |
6.26 (3.13) |
6.53 (3.37) |
6.85 (3.30) |
6.75 (3.18) |
7.19 (2.94) |
|
|
3. Stroke
|
7.64 (2.98) |
6.92 (3.41) |
5.37 (3.76) |
7.06 (2.91) |
6.22 (3.12) |
6.07 (2.94) |
6.94 (3.10) |
6.51 (3.40) |
6.05 (3.16) |
6.25 (3.36) |
6.59 (3.54) |
6.52 (3.24) |
6.66 (3.10) |
|
|
4. Heart attack
|
7.35 (2.94) |
6.70 (3.34) |
5.41 (3.71) |
6.97 (2.91) |
6.41 (3.08) |
6.14 (2.93) |
6.83 (3.08) |
6.41 (3.32) |
6.16 (3.18) |
6.33 (3.27) |
6.46 (3.43) |
6.56 (3.23) |
6.59 (3.07) |
|
|
5. Traffic accident
|
6.53 (3.10) |
6.31 (3.13) |
5.33 (3.50) |
6.67 (2.95) |
6.46 (2.98) |
6.45 (2.72) |
6.42 (3.06) |
6.33 (3.12) |
6.13 (3.09) |
6.52 (3.21) |
6.03 (3.25) |
6.43 (3.07) |
6.45 (3.03) |
|
|
6. No social life
|
5.61 (3.11) |
3.97 (3.25) |
4.66 (3.63) |
5.22 (2.81) |
4.81 (3.14) |
4.55 (3.10) |
5.24 (2.93) |
4.02 (3.18) |
4.80 (3.15) |
5.86 (3.39) |
4.24 (3.38) |
4.97 (3.24) |
5.02 (2.93) |
|
|
7. Crisis
|
5.81 (3.52) |
5.12 (3.46) |
4.61 (3.65) |
6.22 (3.20) |
6.08 (3.22) |
5.12 (3.11) |
5.78 (3.39) |
5.39 (3.40) |
5.71 (3.27) |
5.68 (3.50) |
5.25 (3.46) |
5.56 (3.46) |
5.85 (3.30) |
|
|
8. Loss of family members
|
8.12 (2.56) |
7.63 (2.81) |
6.59 (3.62) |
7.79 (2.87) |
7.09 (2.94) |
7.15 (2.96) |
7.53 (3.02) |
7.57 (3.00) |
7.15 (3.10) |
7.21 (3.09) |
7.36 (3.11) |
7.65 (2.90) |
7.40 (3.07) |
|
|
9. Animals/insects
|
3.79 (3.10) |
2.98 (2.85) |
3.38 (3.31) |
3.84 (2.85) |
4.65 (2.98) |
4.20 (2.59) |
3.60 (2.90) |
3.67 (2.99) |
3.93 (2.83) |
4.28 (3.42) |
3.22 (3.00) |
3.91 (3.02) |
3.84 (2.89) |
|
|
10. Loss of mobile phone
|
6.60 (2.48) |
6.73 (2.93) |
3.96 (3.00) |
6.91 (2.49) |
5.89 (3.16) |
6.08 (2.59) |
6.63 (2.68) |
6.16 (2.98) |
5.55 (2.99) |
5.47 (3.42) |
5.75 (3.18) |
5.88 (2.97) |
6.60 (2.72) |
|
| 11. Job loss | 7.78 (2.72) | 7.29 (3.05) | 5.62 (3.73) | 7.55 (2.71) | 6.62 (3.12) |
6.36 (2.84) | 7.42 (2.86) | 6.90 (3.24) | 6.26 (3.13) | 6.53 (3.37) | 6.85 (3.30) | 6.75 (3.18) | 7.19 (2.94) | |
AFR – African Region, AMR – Region of Americas, COVID-19 – coronavirus disease 2019, EMR – Eastern Mediterranean Region, EUR – European Region, SD – standard deviation, SEAR – South-East Asian Region, WHO – World Health Organization, WPR – Western Pacific Region, x̄ – mean
*Presented as x̄ (SD).