Table 3.
Physicochemical compatibility of caffeine base injection 10 mg/mL with secondary drugs 2-in-1 parenteral nutrition solutions (see Table S2 for details)
| Secondary drug | Test concentration | Diluent | PC | CAF ratio | 95% CI of ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aciclovir | 5 mg/mL | D5W | C | 99.9 | 98.4–101.4 |
| Alprostadil | 20 mcg/mL | NS | C | 99.4 | 97.8–101.1 |
| Amoxicillin | 100 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.3 | 99.6–100.9 |
| Amphotericin (Fungizone) | 100 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 101.2 | 98.9–103.5 |
| Amphotericin liposomal | 2 mg/mL | D5W | C | 100.2 | 98.8–101.6 |
| Ampicillin | 100 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.3 | 98.5–102.1 |
| Benzylpenicillin | 100 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.2 | 98.7–101.6 |
| Calcium gluconate | 100 mg/mL | U | C | 100.3 | 99.1–101.5 |
| Cefotaxime | 100 mg/mL | WFI | C | 99.4 | 96.9–101.8 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 2 mg/mL | U | C | 99.7 | 99.1–100.3 |
| Clonidine | 2 mcg/mL | NS | C | 99.6 | 98.2–101.1 |
| Cloxacillin | 100 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.7 | 99.6–101.7 |
| Dobutamine | 7.2 mg/mL | NS | C | 100.8 | 98.4–103.2 |
| Dobutamine | 7.2 mg/mL | D5W | C | 100.0 | 99.2–100.8 |
| Dopamine | 7.2 mg/mL | NS | C | 100.6 | 99.6–101.5 |
| Dopamine | 7.2 mg/mL | D5W | C | 100.7 | 99.3–102.1 |
| Dexmedetomidine | 1 mcg/mL | NS | C | 100.9 | 99.8–102.0 |
| Epinephrine | 64 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 99.9 | 99.3–100.4 |
| Fentanyl | 50 mcg/mL | U | C | 100.0 | 98.7–101.4 |
| Flucloxacillin | 50 mg/mL | D5W | C | 99.8 | 98.4–101.3 |
| Fluconazole | 2 mg/mL | U | C | 99.6 | 98.6–100.6 |
| Furosemide | 1 mg/mL | D5W | C | 100.4 | 99.2–101.7 |
| Gentamicin | 10 mg/mL | NS | C | 99.8 | 98.9–100.7 |
| Heparin | 100 units/mL | NS | C | 100.1 | 99.4–100.8 |
| Hydrocortisone | 10 mg/mL | NS | C | 100.6 | 99.2–101.9 |
| Indometacin | 200 mcg/mL | NS | C | 100.4 | 99.6–101.2 |
| Ibuprofen | 5 mg/mL | NS | C | 99.8 | 98.5–101.2 |
| Ibuprofen lysine | 4 mg/mL | NS | C | 99.9 | 98.7–101.0 |
| Insulin | 0.2 units/mL | NS | C | 101.2 | 98.3–104.2 |
| Levetiracetam | 5 mg/mL | NS | C | 101.1 | 100.2–102.0 |
| Linezolid | 2 mg/mL | U | C | 100.4 | 97.8–103.0 |
| Meropenem | 50 mg/mL | NS | C | 99.8 | 98.8–100.7 |
| Metronidazole | 5 mg/mL | U | C | 100.4 | 99.5–101.3 |
| Midazolam | 1 mg/mL | U | C | 99.5 | 98.8–100.2 |
| Milrinone | 400 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 99.4 | 98.2–100.5 |
| Morphine hydrochloride | 200 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 99.9 | 98.8–101.0 |
| Morphine sulfate | 200 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 99.6 | 98.3–101.0 |
| Norepinephrine | 64 mcg/mL | D5W | C | 99.7 | 99.1–100.4 |
| Paracetamol | 10 mg/mL | U | C | 100.0 | 99.6–100.5 |
| Phenobarbitone | 20 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.5 | 98.9–102.0 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 200 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.0 | 99.0–101.0 |
| Rifampicin | 6 mg/mL | NS | C | 101.4 | 99.1–103.6 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 4.2% w/v | D5W | C | 99.3 | 98.4–100.3 |
| Vancomycin | 10 mg/mL | D5W | C | 99.9 | 98.1–101.6 |
| Vecuronium | 1 mg/mL | WFI | C | 100.3 | 98.6–102.0 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 1 | - | - | C | 100.1 | 99.1–101.1 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 2 | - | - | C | 100.3 | 98.2–102.4 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 3 | - | - | C | 99.3 | 98.0–100.7 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 4 | - | - | C | 99.7 | 98.2–101.2 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 5 | - | - | C | 100.6 | 99.3–101.9 |
| Parenteral nutrition PN 6 | - | - | C | 99.3 | 97.6–101.1 |
PC physical compatibility, CAF caffeine, C compatible, D5W glucose 5% w/v, WFI water for injection, NS normal saline (sodium chloride 0.9% w/v), U undiluted