Table 1.
Laryngeal Diagnoses of Black and White speakers.
| Diagnosis | N |
|---|---|
| Vocal hyperfunction | |
| Phonotraumatic | 12 |
| Non-phonotraumatic | 24 |
| Vocal fold scarring | 1 |
| Paradoxical vocal fold movement | 1 |
| Reinke’s edema | 1 |
| Vocal fold atrophy | 1 |
Total n = 40
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