Fig. 3.

The pathological significance of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has been implicated in a variety of diseases across different organs and tissues. In cancer, for example, ferroptosis resistance contributes to tumor progression and treatment resistance, while inducing ferroptosis has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy. In neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, excessive lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis have been observed in affected brain regions, suggesting a role in neuronal death. Ischemia–reperfusion injury in organs like the heart and kidney involves oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, leading to tissue damage characteristic of ferroptosis. Understanding the mechanisms and regulation of ferroptosis in various diseases holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting this pathway