Results of the methylation analysis of the 5′ upstream region of rat Dal‐1 (differentially expressed in adenocarcinoma of the lung) gene. (a) For each sample, eight clones were sequenced. The primer pair for bisulfite sequencing is shown (arrow heads). Methylated CpG sites are shown by closed circles and unmethylated CpG sites are shown by open circles. NRL, normal liver tissue, HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma. (b) Bisulfite sequencing of the 5′ upstream region of rat Dal‐1 gene. Sequence traces in NRL1 and HCC1 correspond to the genomic sequence (–22–1 bp from the first nucleotide of exon 1) shown in the top line. CpG sites were numbers as 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21.