. 2006 Jul 27;97(10):970–976. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00272.x

Table 2.

Peptide vaccine for advanced hormone refractory prostate cancer

Protocol	HLA restriction	Total no. patients	Increased immune response		Decrease in PSA level		Reference
Protocol	HLA restriction	Total no. patients	CTL	IgG	≥50% ^§	<50% (none)	Reference
Personalized peptide vaccine	HLA‐A24, ‐A2	22 ^†	10/22 (45%)	14/22 (64%)	2	20 (15)	18, 25, 26
Personalized peptide vaccine + 280 mg/day EMP	HLA‐A24, ‐A2	26 ^‡	12/19 (63%)	26/23 (87%)	14	13 (3)	17, 18

^{^†}

Fourteen of these patients had failed to respond to prior estramustine phosphate (EMP) therapy (560 mg/day) alone as the second line treatment for hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Pre‐vaccination peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were provided to examine cellular immune responses to 14 or 16 peptide panels in HLA‐A24⁺ or HLA‐A2⁺ patients, respectively. The positively identified peptides (up to four per patient) were subsequently chosen for vaccination.

^{^‡}

Seventeen of these patients had failed to respond to prior EMP therapy (560 mg/day) alone as the second line treatment for HRPC. Pre‐vaccination PBMC and plasma were provided to examine cellular and humoral immune responses to 16 or 16 peptide panels in HLA‐A24⁺ or HLA‐A2⁺ patients, respectively. The positively identified peptides (up to four per patient) were subsequently chosen for vaccination.

^{^§}

Αt least two consecutive prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) tests for at least 4 weeks.