Table 1.
Correlation between glypican (GPC)‐3 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
| Variable | GPC3 expression | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (n = 87) | Negative (n = 20) | ||
| Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 63.6 ± 9.7 | 60.2 ± 11.8 | 0.169 |
| Sex (male/female) | 67/20 | 18/2 | 0.321 |
| HBsAg status (positive/negative) | 26/61 | 3/17 | 0.283 |
| HCV status (positive/negative) | 50/37 | 12/8 | 0.999 |
| ICG R15 (%) (mean ± SD) | 15.9 ± 8.1 | 15.5 ± 7.6 | 0.823 |
| AFP (ng/mL) (mean) | 6710 | 463 | 0.198 |
| PIVKA‐II (mAU/mL) (mean) | 7370 | 5900 | 0.823 |
| Tumor occurring (primary/recurrence) | 64/23 | 16/4 | 0.753 |
| Number of tumor (solitary/multiple) | 64/23 | 11/9 | 0.172 |
| Resection procedure (trisegmentectomy, lobectomy, or segmentectomy/subsegmentectomy or partial resection) | 22/65 | 7/13 | 0.378 |
| Operation time (min.) (mean ± SD) | 310 ± 165 | 263 ± 119 | 0.248 |
| Intraperative blood loss (mL) (mean) | 2910 | 1500 | 0.356 |
| Perioperative transfusion (present/absent) | 45/42 | 9/11 | 0.767 |
| Tumor size (mm) (mean ± SD) | 54.7 ± 41.9 | 53.0 ± 31.2 | 0.861 |
| Histological tumor differentiation (well/moderately and poorly) | 6/81 | 6/14 | 0.032 |
| pStage (UICC) (I/II/III) | 35/41/11 | 6/10/4 | 0.577 |
| Portal vein involvement (present/absent) | 39/48 | 8/12 | 0.885 |
| Hepatic vein involvement (present/absent) | 9/78 | 1/19 | 0.750 |
| Bile duct involvement (present/absent) | 11/76 | 1/19 | 0.557 |
| Intrahepatic metastasis (present/absent) | 18/69 | 6/14 | 0.545 |
| Non cancerous tissue (cirrhosis/non‐cirrhosis) | 36/51 | 4/16 | 0.075 |
| Postoperative recurrence (present/absent) | 70/17 | 16/4 | 0.963 |
AFP, alpha‐fetoprotein; HBsAg, hepatitis B s antigen; HCV, hepatitis C virus; ICG‐R15, indocyanine green‐retention at 15 min; PIVKA‐II, protein induced by vitamin K absence II; UICC, International Union against Cancer.