Figure 4.

 Diverged functions of myeloid cells in tumor mass. A variety of myeloid subsets reside in tumor masses. Some of the subsets exhibit an immune suppressive feature that facilitates escape of tumor cells from immune effectors. Since pattern molecules (PAMP) act on both myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) and myeloid‐derived immune suppressing cells, complicated immune responses occur in tumors. Selective maturation of mDC circumventing the exacerbation of tumor progression by myeloid suppressor cells should be considered as adjuvant therapy of cancer. DAMP, damage‐associated molecular patterns; MDSC, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells; PRR, pattern‐recognition receptors; TAM, tumor‐associated macrophages.