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Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) β and RARγ mRNA were induced by AM580 in Ishikawa cells. Real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis was carried out to measure RAR mRNA expression in the presence or absence of AM580 treatment. Summary data for three independent experiments are shown. Results are expressed as the mean ± SE. *P < 0.001 versus non‐treated.
