Table 4.
Impact of soy and soy‐containing food items on NSCLC with or without EGFR mutation
| Item | Total | Male | Female | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Case | Control | Case | Control | Case | ||||||||||
| EGFRmut | OR † (95% CI) | EGFRwt | OR † (95% CI) | EGFRmut | OR † (95% CI) | EGFRwt | OR † (95% CI) | EGFRmut | OR † (95% CI) | EGFRwt | OR † (95% CI) | ||||
| Miso soup | |||||||||||||||
| ≤3–4 times/week | 758 | 62 | 1.00 (Reference) | 99 | 1.00 (Reference) | 433 | 25 | 1.00 (Reference) | 69 | 1.00 (Reference) | 325 | 37 | 1.00 (Reference) | 30 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| ≤once a day | 811 | 56 | 0.69 (0.46–1.03) | 103 | 1.08 (0.79–1.48) | 512 | 20 | 0.46 (0.24–0.91) | 81 | 1.12 (0.78–1.61) | 299 | 36 | 0.87 (0.52–1.45) | 22 | 1.00 (0.54–1.82) |
| twice a day | 152 | 3 | 0.23 (0.07–0.77) | 22 | 1.17 (0.70–1.96) | 110 | 1 | 0.12 (0.02–0.92) | 15 | 0.90 (0.49–1.68) | 42 | 2 | 0.35 (0.08–1.57) | 7 | 2.33 (0.89–6.15) |
| Unknown | 44 | 1 | 7 | 25 | 0 | 5 | 19 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| P for trend = 0.005 | P for trend = 0.499 | P for trend = 0.003 | P for trend = 0.946 | P for trend = 0.216 | P for trend = 0.252 | ||||||||||
| Natto | |||||||||||||||
| ≤1–3 times/month | 550 | 42 | 1.00 (Reference) | 91 | 1.00 (Reference) | 387 | 21 | 1.00 (Reference) | 70 | 1.00 (Reference) | 163 | 21 | 1.00 (Reference) | 21 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| ≥3–4 times/week | 864 | 57 | 0.63 (0.40–0.99) | 98 | 0.85 (0.61–1.16) | 490 | 17 | 0.57 (0.28–1.17) | 72 | 0.89 (0.61–1.29) | 374 | 40 | 0.69 (0.38–1.22) | 26 | 0.71 (0.38–1.35) |
| ≥once a day | 301 | 21 | 0.59 (0.33–1.06) | 32 | 0.91 (0.58–1.43) | 174 | 8 | 0.56 (0.22–1.43) | 20 | 0.84 (0.48–1.47) | 127 | 13 | 0.62 (0.29–1.34) | 12 | 1.01 (0.45–2.29) |
| Unknown | 50 | 2 | 10 | 29 | 0 | 8 | 21 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| P for trend = 0.052 | P for trend = 0.482 | P for trend = 0.150 | P for trend = 0.467 | P for trend = 0.199 | P for trend = 0.839 | ||||||||||
| Tofu | |||||||||||||||
| ≤1–3 times/month | 570 | 35 | 1.00 (Reference) | 73 | 1.00 (Reference) | 387 | 22 | 1.00 (Reference) | 56 | 1.00 (Reference) | 179 | 13 | 1.00 (Reference) | 17 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| 1–2 times/week | 617 | 50 | 1.07 (0.66–1.74) | 88 | 1.30 (0.92–1.84) | 490 | 13 | 0.54 (0.25–1.15) | 70 | 1.33 (0.90–1.97) | 238 | 37 | 1.85 (0.93–3.69) | 18 | 1.06 (0.51–2.23) |
| ≥3–4 times/week | 509 | 34 | 0.80 (0.48–1.36) | 62 | 1.14 (0.78–1.66) | 174 | 10 | 0.61 (0.27–1.39) | 37 | 0.97 (0.61–1.53) | 239 | 24 | 1.15 (0.55–2.38) | 25 | 1.46 (0.73–2.94) |
| Unknown | 69 | 3 | 8 | 29 | 1 | 7 | 29 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| P for trend = 0.398 | P for trend = 0.450 | P for trend = 0.170 | P for trend = 0.946 | P for trend = 0.988 | P for trend = 0.269 | ||||||||||
†
ORs were adjusted for age, sex and smoking in unconditional logistic model. Unknown subjects were excluded from trend analysis.
EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; CI, confidence interval; NSCLC, non‐small‐cell lung cancers; OR, odds ratio.