Table 1.
Drinking and smoking status among cases and controls
| Cases (n = 239) | Controls (n = 716) | P‐value | OR (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Alcohol drinking | ||||||
| Never | 56 | 23.4 | 236 | 33.0 | 1.00 (Reference) † | |
| Ever | ||||||
| Moderate drinker | 74 | 31.0 | 292 | 40.8 | 1.10 (0.73–1.65) | |
| Heavy drinker | 109 | 45.6 | 188 | 26.2 | <0.001 | 2.45 (1.62–3.71) P‐trend < 0.001 |
| Intake of ethanol (g/day) | ||||||
| 0 | 57 | 23.8 | 236 | 33.0 | 1.00 (Reference) † | |
| >0, ≤25 | 87 | 36.4 | 314 | 43.9 | 1.24 (0.83–1.84) | |
| >25, ≤50 | 47 | 19.8 | 107 | 14.9 | 1.93 (1.19–3.12) | |
| <50, ≤75 | 19 | 7.9 | 30 | 4.2 | 2.71 (1.38–5.32) | |
| <75 | 29 | 12.1 | 29 | 4.0 | <0.001 | 3.94 (2.10–7.36) P‐trend < 0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never | 56 | 23.4 | 256 | 35.8 | ||
| Former | 88 | 36.8 | 255 | 35.6 | ||
| Current | 94 | 39.4 | 205 | 28.6 | ||
| Unknown | 1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.0 | <0.001 | |
| Smoking exposure | ||||||
| 0 < PY < 10 | 64 | 26.8 | 295 | 41.2 | 1.00 (Reference) ‡ | |
| 10 ≤ PY < 40 | 77 | 32.2 | 186 | 26.0 | 2.06 (1.33–3.17) | |
| PY > 40 | 98 | 41.0 | 235 | 32.8 | <0.001 | 2.31 (1.47–3.63) P‐trend < 0.001 |
†
Odds ratios (OR) adjusted for age, sex and smoking.
‡
‡ OR adjusted for age, sex and drinking. CI, confidence interval; PY, pack years.