Table 2.
Combined effects of ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 polymorphisms with alcohol use on the risk of colorectal cancer
| Genotype | Alcohol intake (unit/day) † | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | <2 | ≥2 | ||
| ADH2 Arg47His | ||||
| His/His | No. ‡ | 142/192 | 109/167 | 94/93 |
| OR (95% CI) § | 1.00 (referent) | 0.97 (0.69–1.37) | 1.52 (1.02–2.25) | |
| Arg/His + Arg/Arg | No. | 128/119 | 109/123 | 97/84 |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.46 (1.04–2.03) Interaction P = 0.61 | 1.30 (0.92–1.85) | 1.69 (1.14–2.52) | |
| ADH3 Ile349Val | ||||
| Ile/Ile | No. | 235/281 | 199/266 | 175/159 |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.00 (referent) | 0.98 (0.74–1.28) | 1.44 (1.05–1.98) | |
| Ile/Val + Val/Val | No. | 37/30 | 22/23 | 17/18 |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.49 (0.89–2.50) Interaction P = 0.49 | 1.29 (0.70–2.40) | 1.27 (0.62–2.57) | |
| ALDH2 Glu487Lys ¶ | ||||
| Glu/Glu | No. | 98/103 | 150/171 | 152/142 |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.04 (0.71–1.53) | 1.24 (0.81–1.90) | |
| Glu/Lys | No. | 147/163 | 71/112 | 39/34 |
| OR (95% CI) | 1.02 (0.71–1.48) Interaction P = 0.30 | 0.74 (0.47–1.17) | 1.33 (0.74–2.39) | |
†
One unit of alcohol intake corresponded to 1 go (180 mL) of sake, 0.5 go (90 mL) of shochu, 1 large bottle (633 mL) of beer, 2 drinks (60 mL) of whiskey, or 2 glasses (200 mL) of wine.
‡
‡ Numbers of cases/controls.
§
§ Adjusted for sex, 5‐year age class, and area.
¶
¶ Individuals with 487Lys/Lys genotype were excluded, because alcohol drinkers were few. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.