Table 3.

Univariate analysis for relationship between CIHM and clinicopathological factors

Genes	p14		Univariate		p16		Univariate		DAP‐kinase		Univariate		CDH1		Univariate		CIHM high		Univariate
CIHM	UM	M	OR (95% CI)	P‐ values	UM	M	OR (95% CI)	P‐ values	UM	M	OR (95% CI)	P‐ values	UM	M	OR (95% CI)	P‐ values	(–)	(+)	OR (95% CI)	P
Variables
Gender (n)
Female	70	27	Reference		66	31	Reference		58	39	Reference		67	30	Reference		56	41	Reference
Male	98	36	0.95 (0.53–1.71)	0.87	94	40	0.91 (0.52–1.59)	0.73	82	52	0.94 (0.55–1.69)	0.83	94	40	0.95 (0.54–1.68)	0.86	86	48	0.76 (0.45–1.30)	0.32
Age (Mean ± SD)	60.9 ±  13.4	63.4 ±  11.8	1.02 (0.99–1.04)	0.11	62.3 ±  13.6	60.4 ±  11.7	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	0.31	60.5 ±  13.0	63.6 ±  13.0	1.02 (0.99–1.04)	0.08	62.5 ±  13.3	60.0 ±  12.3	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	0.19	61.7 ±  13.2	61.7 ±  12.9	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.99
H. pylori infection (n)
Negative	78	25	Reference		86	17	Reference		69	34	Reference		86	17	Reference		78	25	Reference
Positive	90	38	1.32 (0.73–2.37)	0.36	74	54	3.69 (1.97–6.91)	<0.0001	71	57	1.63 (0.95–2.79)	0.08	75	53	3.58 (1.91–6.70)	<0.0001	64	64	3.12 (1.77–5.51)	<0.0001
NSAID use (n)
Non‐users	122	58	Reference		117	63	Reference		104	76	Reference	115	65		Reference		100	80	Reference
Users	46	5	0.23 (0.09–0.61)	0.003	43	8	0.35 (0.15–0.78)	0.02	36	15	0.57 (0.29–1.12)	0.10	46	5	0.19 (0.07–0.51)	0.0009	42	9	0.27 (0.12–0.58)	0.0009

CIHM high was defined as two or more CpG islands methylated.

CDH1, E‐cadherin; CI, confidence interval; CIHM, CpG island hyper methylation; DAP‐kinase, death‐associated protein kinase; M, methylated; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug; OR, odds ratio; UM, unmethylated.