Secretion levels of IL-6 (a), TNF-α (b) and IFN-γ (c), within the supernatant of BMDCs after 24 h incubation with the three mOVA-loaded LNPs were measured by ELISA. Data are represented as the mean ± s.e.m. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; NS, not significant; BMDC, bone marrow derived dendritic cell; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoassay.