Table 3.

Expected detectable differences at 80% power and alpha of 0.05 and 20% attrition in the longitudinal cohort

	Minimum detectable difference or estimated prevalence among HEU	Projected sample sizes	Assumptions
Longitudinal cohort
MDAT and growth z-scores	0.10	1000 HEU, 1000 HUU	SD 1.0
Hearing loss	2.7%	500 HEU, 500 HUU	HUU: 1% prevalence
ASD prevalence	4.2%	500 HEU, 500 HUU	HUU: 2% prevalence
SDQ difficulties	25%	500 HEU, 500 HUU	HUU: 20% prevalence
Telomere length	0.13	500 HEU, 500 HUU	SD 1.0
Cross-sectional cohort
ASQ delays (Roux AIDS 2019)	0.14	1000 HEU, 100 HUU	HUU: 5% prevalence
SDQ difficulties	29%	2000 HEU, 200 HUU	HUU: 20% prevalence
ASD	6.1%	2000 HEU, 200 HUU	HUU: 2% prevalence
ADHD	7.2%	2000 HEU, 200 HUU	HUU: 2.7% prevalence
Depression	26%	500 HEU, 50 HUU	HUU: 10% prevalence

ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ASQ, Ages and Stages Questionnaire; HEU, HIV-exposed uninfected; HUU, HIV-unexposed uninfected; MDAT, Malawi developmental assessment tool; SDQ, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.