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. 2024 Jun 9;13:61. doi: 10.1186/s13756-024-01417-1

Table 6.

Source of antibiotics

Author, year Source of antibiotics Percentage
Bogale et al. 2019 [25] Community pharmacies 82.3
Patent medicine stores 2.0
Private health facilities 11.0
Public hospital pharmacies 3.1
Erku et al. 2017 [26] Community pharmacies 36.8
Health workers 44.1
Family/friends 19.1
Eticha et al. 2014 [27] Community pharmacies 83.0
Patent medicine store 58.9
Friends/family 29.5
Leftovers from previous treatment 28.6
Gebeyehu et al. 2015 [28] Community pharmacies 15.5
Friends/relatives 15.7
Kassa et al. 2022 [30] hospital pharmacies 51.0
Community pharmacies 39.0
Leftovers from previously used antibiotics 7.0
sample from medical representatives 1.0
family/friends/neighbors 2.0
Demissie et al. 2022 [32] medicine dispensers 70.8
previous doctor’s prescription 25.6
friends 3.6
Simegn & Moges, 2022 [33] Retail outlet pharmacy 41.8
From friends or family members 28.7
By sharing with the others 15.0
Dache et al. 2021 [34] doctor or nurse 62.1
Mossa et al. 2012 [35] Neighbors 5.1
Left over past prescribe 7.7
Kiosks 17.9
Pharmacy 59.0
Other 10.2