Table 5.
Numbers and proportions of men with prostate cancer and high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG‐PIN), based on an isoflavone intake administration and equol production (central pathology)
| Equal producer | Equal non‐producer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isoflavone (n = 22) | Placebo (n = 22) | P‐value† | Isoflavone (n = 20) | Placebo (n = 25) | P‐value† | |
| No. of patients with tumors | 5/22 (22.7%) | 8/22 (36.4%) | 0.255 | 4/20 (20.0%) | 8/25 (32.0%) | 0.288 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <64 | 1/9 (11.1%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 0.600 | 1/8 (12.5%) | 0/13 (0.0%) | 0.381 |
| ≥65 | 4/13 (30.8%) | 8/16 (50.0%) | 0.293 | 3/12 (25.0%) | 8/12 (66.7%) | 0.049* |
| No. of positive cores | ||||||
| 1 | 4 | 7 | 0.641 | 2 | 2 | 0.727 |
| 2–4 | 1 | 1 | (1 vs 2–4) | 4 | 4 | (1 vs 2–4) |
| Gleason score | ||||||
| 6 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 6 | ||
| 7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | ||
| 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 5–6 | 2/5 (40.0%) | 6/8 (75.0%) | 0.250 | 3/4 (75.0%) | 6/8 (75.0%) | 0.764 |
| 7–9 | 3/5 (60.0%) | 2/8 (25.0%) | (G6 vs 7–9) | 1/4 (25.0%) | 2/8 (25.0%) | (G6 vs 7–9) |
| HG‐PIN | 1/22 (4.6%) | 4/22 (18.2%) | 0.172 | 1/20 (5.0%) | 4/25 (16.0%) | 0.251 |
The Gleason score is the sum of the two most common histological patterns. †Fisher’s exact test; *P < 0.05.