Table 4.

Effect of parity group on concentrations of bile acids, carboxylic acids and other metabolites in porcine colostrum.¹

Metabolite, mg/L	Group A	Group B	Group C	SEM	P-value
Bile acids
Lithocholic acid	0.17	0.081	0.049	0.050	0.206
Hyodeoxycholic acid	0.13	0.062	0.056	0.043	0.341
Carboxylic acids
cis-Aconitic acid	6.17	4.77	5.57	0.56	0.228
Benzoic acid	0.47	0.14	0.11	0.23	0.468
Butyric acid	0.31	0.081	0.18	0.079	0.151
Caproic acid	0.045	0.059	0.043	0.021	0.849
Citric acid	689a	597ab	581b	31.4	0.045
3,3-Dimethylbutyric acid	0.023	0.025	0.024	0.009	0.987
Fumaric acid	0.36	0.36	0.28	0.05	0.487
3-Hydroxyglutaric acid	0.47	0.48	0.37	0.04	0.134
Hippuric acid	0.93	1.07	0.64	0.25	0.537
2-Hydroxybutyric acid	0.20	0.13	0.17	0.08	0.826
3-Hydroxybutyric acid	0.21	0.16	0.37	0.11	0.417
Hydroxyglutaric acid	0.17	0.13	0.14	0.03	0.649
α-Ketoglutaric acid	1.18	1.19	1.40	0.14	0.517
Lactic acid	4.31	4.45	3.72	0.54	0.624
Malic acid	1.29	1.49	1.11	0.12	0.130
Nicotinic acid	0.022	0.023	0.022	0.006	0.985
Pyruvic acid	1.26	1.21	0.83	0.14	0.081
Stachydrine	0.14	0.13	0.15	0.03	0.956
Succinic acid	0.18	0.21	0.085	0.050	0.230
Miscellaneous
Cortisone	0.010	0.005	0.012	0.004	0.572
Methyl phosphate	0.38	0.45	0.29	0.13	0.731

Values are least squares means ± pooled SEM.

^a,bMeans without a common superscript differ (P ≤ 0.05).

¹Parity group A = parity 1 and 2 (n = 8); parity group B = parity 3 and 4 (n = 6); parity group C = parity 5 and 6 (n = 6).