Catalytic activity comparison of Pd-PVP NPs with reported catalytic systems in the synthesis of phenanthridinones and benzochromenes.

Heterocyclic compound	Catalyst	Reaction conditions	Examples	Halogen in the starting material	Yield	Ref
	Pd(OAc)2 (2 mol%)	DMA (10 mL), 135 °C	1	X = Br	83%	29
	Ligand (Ph2PC6H4-C6H4NMe2) (4 mol%)	K2CO3 (2 equiv.), overnight, N2
	PdCl2 (5 mol%)	DMI, 25 °C	2	X = Br	89%	33
	Ligand (R-COOH) (30 mol%)	K2CO3 (1.5 equiv.), 24 h, Ar
	Pd(OAc)2 (10 mol%)	DMA, 170 °C	2	X = I	50%	34
		Na2CO3 (1.2 equiv.), 2.5 h, N2
	Pd(OH)2/C (10 mol%)	DMA, 140 °C	2	X = Br	80%	45
		KOAc (2 equiv.), 24 h, N2
	Pd/C (10 mol%)	DMA, 125 °C	12	X = I	98%	88
		KOAc (2 equiv.). 24 h, N2
	Pd-PVP NPs (1 mol%)	H2O : DMA 1 : 1 (4 mL), 100 °C	11	X = I	95%	This work
		K2CO3 (3 equiv.), 24 h, air
	Pd(OAc)2 (2 mol%)	DMA (10 mL), 125 °C	7	X = Br	96%	29
	Ligand (Ph2PC6H4-C6H4NMe2) (4 mol%)	K2CO3 (2 equiv.), 2 h, N2
	PdCl2 (5 mol%)	DMI (0.5 mL), 25 °C	10	X = Br	95%	33
	Ligand (R-COOH) (30 mol%)	Rb2CO3 (1.5 equiv.), 40 h, Ar
	PdCl2(MeCN)2 (5 mol%)	DMA (5 mL), 120 °C	17	X = Br	96%	44
	P(p-FC6H4)3 (5 mol%)	K2CO3 (3 equiv.), PivOH (30 mol%), 3 h, Ar
	Pd(OH)2/C (10 mol%)	DMA (5 mL), 130 °C	5	X = I	92%	45
		KOAc (2 equiv.), 12 h, Ar
	PdO-Fe3O4 (10 mol%)	DMA (2 mL), 140 °C	9	X = Br	85%	67
		KOAc (2 equiv.), 48 h
	Pd-PVP NPs (5 mol%)	H2O : DMA 1 : 1 (4 mL), 100 °C	10	X = Br	62%	This work
		K2CO3 (3 equiv.), 48 h, air