Table 2.
Adjusted B and 95% CIs for sex-specific SD increase of total hip BMD with various muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue indexesa,b
| Variables | FNF | ITF | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TH aBMD (mg/cm2) | TH vBMD (mg/cm3) | TH aBMD (mg/cm2) | TH vBMD (mg/cm3) | ||||||
| B (95% CI) | P-value | B (95% CI) | P-value | B (95% CI) | P-value | B (95% CI) | P-value | ||
| Osteoporosis | |||||||||
| G.MaxM area (cm2) | 0.983 (− 0.567, 2.532) | 0.212 | 0.209 (− 0.544, 0.961) | 0.585 | 1.943 (− 0.160, 4.046) | 0.070 | 0.841 (− 0.041, 1.724) | 0.062 | |
| G.MaxM density (HU) | − 1.534 (− 3.159, 0.091) | 0.064 | − 1.008 (− 1.797, − 0.219) | 0.013 | 0.807 (− 1.077, 2.690) | 0.399 | 0.248 (− 0.543, 1.038) | 0.537 | |
| G.Med/MinM area (cm2) | 0.373 (-1.127, 1.872) | 0.625 | − 0.092 (− 0.820, 0.636) | 0.803 | 0.042 (− 2.077, 2.162) | 0.969 | − 0.647 (-1.536, 0.243) | 0.153 | |
| G.Med/MinM density (HU) | 2.443 (0.609, 4.278) | 0.009 | 1.433 (0.542, 2.324) | 0.002 | 0.314 (− 1.919, 2.548) | 0.782 | 0.180 (− 0.757, 1.118) | 0.705 | |
| MM area (cm2) | 0.109 (− 0.543, 0.762) | 0.742 | − 0.187 (− 0.504, 0.130) | 0.246 | 0.632 (− 0.238, 1.503) | 0.153 | 0.156 (− 0.210, 0.521) | 0.401 | |
| MM density (HU) | 0.312 (− 1.468, 2.092) | 0.730 | 0.458 (− 0.407, 1.322) | 0.298 | 1.276 (− 1.024, 3.576) | 0.275 | 0.635 (− 0.331, 1.600) | 0.196 | |
| MSAT area (cm2) | 0.100 (− 0.232, 0.432) | 0.552 | − 0.039 (− 0.200, 0.122) | 0.633 | 0.202 (− 0.285, 0.688) | 0.414 | 0.050 (− 0.154, 0.254) | 0.628 | |
| MSAT density (HU) | − 0.595 (− 1.971, 0.782) | 0.395 | − 0.194 (− 0.862, 0.475) | 0.568 | − 0.535 (-2.031, 0.962) | 0.482 | − 0.266 (-0.894, 0.362) | 0.404 | |
| Nonosteoporosis | |||||||||
| G.MaxM area (cm2) | − 1.536 (− 3.863, 0.791) | 0.195 | − 0.963 (− 1.885, -0.042) | 0.041 | 2.359 (− 0.767, 5.485) | 0.133 | 1.010 (− 0.627, 2.646) | 0.216 | |
| G.MaxM density (HU) | 3.110 (0.305, 5.916) | 0.030 | 0.559 (− 0.552, 1.670) | 0.322 | − 0.934 (-4.417, 2.549) | 0.586 | 0.705 (− 1.118, 2.528) | 0.434 | |
| G.Med/MinM area (cm2) | − 0.199 (− 2.339, 1.942) | 0.855 | − 0.437 (− 1.284, 0.411) | 0.311 | − 0.820 (-3.721, 2.080) | 0.566 | − 0.563 (− 2.081, 0.955) | 0.453 | |
| G.Med/MinM density (HU) | − 1.081 (− 4.505, 2.343) | 0.535 | − 0.218 (− 1.573, 1.138) | 0.752 | 2.722 (− 1.462, 6.905) | 0.193 | 0.935 (− 1.255, 3.125) | 0.388 | |
| MM area (cm2) | 0.645 (− 0.372, 1.663) | 0.213 | − 0.036 (− 0.439, 0.367) | 0.860 | 0.555 (− 0.790, 1.899) | 0.404 | − 0.136(-0.839, 0.568) | 0.695 | |
| MM density (HU) | 0.547 (− 2.510, 3.604) | 0.725 | 0.689 (− 0.522, 1.899) | 0.263 | 0.599 (− 4.087, 5.285) | 0.795 | − 0.231 (− 2.683, 2.222) | 0.848 | |
| MSAT area (cm2) | − 0.133 (− 0.646, 0.380) | 0.611 | − 0.158 (− 0.361, 0.045) | 0.126 | − 0.066 (-0.691, 0.559) | 0.829 | 0.052 (− 0.275, 0.380) | 0.744 | |
| MSAT density (HU) | 0.270 (− 2.182, 2.721) | 0.829 | − 0.388 (− 1.358, 0.583) | 0.432 | − 0.199 (− 2.375, 1.976) | 0.852 | 0.123 (− 1.015, 1.262) | 0.826 | |
SD standard deviance, BMD bone mineral density, FNF femoral neck fracture, ITF intertrochanteric fracture, TH total hip; aBMD areal bone mineral density, vBMD volumetric bone mineral density, CI confidence interval; G.MaxM gluteus maximus muscle, G.Med/MinM gluteus medius and minimus muscle, MM midthigh muscle, MSAT midthigh subcutaneous adipose tissue
aAdjusted for age, body mass index (BMI)
bB for standard deviance increase of continuous muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue variables