Fig. 2. Diagram showcasing comparisons in expression, for a number of different cellular fractions, in the NASA Twins study.

Comparisons were made both between the ground and flight twin as well as comparisons made on a spatiotemporal basis for the flight twin at different mission stages. Only genes showcasing at least one expression comparison with significant variation (p-value < 0.1) are included in the diagram, to maintain diagram clarity. Genes with p-values < 0.05 are separately indicated. All log2 fold-changes and p-values were calculated using DESeq2 software. Source data for the figure is provided in the Source Data file.