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. 2024 Jun 11;15:4862. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48841-w

Fig. 5. Brain-related proteins are enriched in the secretome after spaceflight.

Fig. 5

a Overrepresentation analysis of significantly enriched pathways (adjusted p-value < 0.05) related to brain function and injury of EVPs and plasma DAPs at R + 1 (adjusted p-value < 0.05, Left: EVP, Right: plasma). b Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of EVP DAPs immediately post-flight and long-term post-flight based on the tissue-enriched database derived from the Human Protein Atlas database. GSEA was performed with fgsea::fgsea() using minSize=5 and maxSize = 500 as parameters. Significant results (adjusted p-value < 0.1) are shown. c Gene set enrichment analysis of cfRNA measured immediately post-flight JAXA CFE mission based on the tissue-enriched database derived from the Human Protein Atlas database. GSEA was performed with fgsea::fgsea() using minSize = 5 and maxSize = 500 as parameters. Significant results (adjusted p-value < 0.1) are shown. d Abundance of brain-enriched proteins in EVPs. Data is from n = 4 astronauts, representing one technical replicate per astronaut and timepoint averaged at the indicated condition (preflight, and long-term postflight). Boxes show the quartiles of the dataset while the whiskers extend to show the rest of the distribution except for “outliers”. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. e Abundance of brain-enriched proteins in EVPs isolated from naive, ground control mice.