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. 2024 Jun 11;14:13451. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64440-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cumulative incidence rate of severe MRONJ. (A) The 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year cumulative incidence rates of severe MRONJ were 7%, 21%, and 51%, respectively. (B) Among patients with or without diabetes, the incidence rate of severe MRONJ was significantly different between patients with diabetes and those without diabetes (p = 0.006). (C) Among patients with EOD grade at BMA induction ≧2 or EOD grade at BMA induction < 2, the incidence rate of MRONJ was significantly different between the patients with EOD grade ≧2 and those with EOD grade < 2 (p = 0.026). MRONJ medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; EOD extent of the disease.