TABLE 2.
Differences in gut microbiota parameters in sedentary, moderately active, very active and elite soccer players.
| No Physical Activity | Moderate Level of Physical Activity (< 3 hours ×week) | High Level of Physical Activity (> 6 hours × week) | Elite Soccer Players | ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus Phascolarctobacterium (%) |
0.7390 ± 0.9401a |
0.6666 ± 0.88242a |
1.1295 ± 1.26701 |
2.1373 ± 2.51849 |
F 4.581 p 0.005 |
|
| |||||
| Genus Roseburia (%) |
2.9828 ± 2.40412b |
4.0301 ± 3.04254 |
6.0291 ± 5.36580 |
2.3905 ± 2.29816b |
F 4.191 p 0.008 |
|
| |||||
| Species Bacteroides fluxus (%) |
0.0009 ± 0.0018b |
0.0008 ± 0.0017b |
0.0028 ± 0.0038 |
0.0011 ± 0.0016 |
F 3.191 p 0.028 |
|
| |||||
| Species Lactobacillus iners (%) |
0.0000 ± 0.0a |
0.0000 ± 0.0 |
0.0000 ± 0.0 |
0.0001 ± 0.00027 |
F 2.936 p 0.038 |
|
| |||||
| Species Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens (%) |
0.1735 ± 0.36710a |
0.2307 ± 0.53093 |
0.1211 ± 0.19593 |
0.8535 ± 1.63961 |
F 3.377 p 0.022 |
|
| |||||
| Species Prevotella albensis (%) |
0.0065 ± 0.01242a |
0.0073 ± 0.00811a |
0.0028 ± 0.00542a |
0.0302 ± 0.05215 |
F 4.696 p 0.004 |
|
| |||||
| Species Prevotella copri (%) |
5.3773 ± 9.47572c |
13.6948 ± 13.51410 |
3.6473 ± 9.38986c |
10.8339 ± 13.64028 |
F 3.563 p 0.017 |
|
| |||||
| Species Roseburia faecis (%) |
1.5666 ± 1.58516b |
1.1463 ± 0.92128b |
3.1095 ± 3.36707 |
1.3045 ± 1.94235 |
F 3.472 p 0.019 |
|
| |||||
| Species Streptococcus mitis (%) |
0.0000 ± 0.0000a |
0.000 ± 0.000 |
0.000 ± 0.000 |
0.0002 ± 0.00051 |
F 3.008 p 0.035 |
|
| |||||
| F/B | 1.37 ± 0.79 |
1.23 ± 0.60 |
1.61 ± 1.15 |
0.96 ± 0.62 |
F 1.946 p 0.127 |
Legend. F/B: Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio.
a
Differences with elite soccer players;
b
Differences with high levels of physical activity;
c
Differences with moderate levels of physical training.