Table 1.
Patients characteristics and endpoints by ICU mobility scale under V-V ECMO.
| Baseline characteristics | Total (n = 343) | ICU mobility scale < 2 (n = 281) | ICU mobility scale ≥2 (n = 62) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of patients | 100 | 82 | 18 | |
| Age | 55 (45–64) | 55 (45–64) | 57 (42–63) | 0.9014a |
| Female gender | 108 (31.5%) | 90 (32%) | 18 (29%) | 0.7628b |
| BMI | 25.1 (23.6–30.2) | 24.8 (23.5–30.2) | 26.8 (23.8–30.6) | 0.2358a |
| Preexisting conditions | ||||
| Hypercholesterolemia | 41 (12%) | 34 (12.1%) | 7 (11.3%) | 0.9999b |
| Nicotine use disorder | 109 (31.8%) | 89 (31.7%) | 20 (32.3%) | 0.9999b |
| Coronary heart disease | 37 (10.8%) | 29 (10.3%) | 8 (12.9%) | 0.5058b |
| Hypertension | 124 (36.2%) | 98 (34.9%) | 26 (41.9%) | 0.3092b |
| Liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis | 21 (6.1%) | 20 (7.1%) | 1 (1.6%) | 0.1425b |
| Chronic kidney disease | 23 (6.7%) | 20 (7.1%) | 3 (4.8%) | 0.7788b |
| Diabetes mellitus | 49 (14.3%) | 40 (14.2%) | 9 (14.5%) | 0.9999b |
| Oncological disorders | 59 (17.2%) | 52 (18.5%) | 7 (11.3%) | 0.1972b |
| Immunodeficiency | 93 (27.1%) | 83 (29.5%) | 10 (16.1%) | 0.0394 b |
| Chronic lung disease | 97 (28.3%) | 79 (28.1%) | 18 (29%) | 0.8772b |
| CPR within 48 h before EMCO | 32 (9.3%) | 30 (10.7%) | 2 (3.2%) | 0.0890 b |
| Respiratory situation before ECMO | ||||
| Horowitz index | 70 (58–93) | 71 (59–96) | 64 (51–79) | 0.0038 a |
| pO2-arterial (mmHg) | 65 (58–75) | 66 (58–76) | 62 (47–73) | 0.0173 a |
| FiO2 | 1.0 (0.8–1.0) | 1 (0.8–1) | 1 (0.9–1) | 0.1662a |
| pCO2-arterial (mmHg) | 56 (46–73) | 57 (46–73) | 50 (43–72) | 0.2392a |
| pH–arterial | 7.3 (7.2–7.3) | 7.2 (7.2–7.3) | 7.3 (7.2–7.4) | 0.0002 a |
| Peak inspiratory pressure ≥42 cm H2O | 33 (9.6%) | 30 (10.7%) | 3 (4.8%) | 0.2325b |
| ICU stay | ||||
| Duration of ICU stay from ECMO d1 (d) | 13.7 (8.7–26.8) | 12.9 (7.3–21.5) | 25.7 (13.8–53.4) | 0.0001 a |
| ECMO runtime (h) | 190 (114–361) | 173 (100–288) | 577 (243–1009) | 0.0001 a |
| Mechanical ventilation (d) | 11.8 (6.7–23.8) | 10.9 (6.4–19.5) | 25.4 (10.1–50.0) | 0.0001 a |
| Endpoint | ||||
| 30-day survival | 179 (52.2%) | 135 (48.0%) | 44 (71.0%) | 0.0012 b |
| ICU survival | 160 (46.6%) | 127 (45.2%) | 33 (53.2%) | 0.2636b |
| Hospital survival | 159 (46.4%) | 126 (44.8%) | 33 (53.2%) | 0.2612b |
| ECMO weaning | 197 (57.4%) | 159 (56.6%) | 38 (61.3%) | 0.5709b |
| Vent. Weaning | 169 (49.3%) | 131 (46.6%) | 38 (61.3%) | 0.0489 b |
Data given in median (interquartile range) or in number of patients (percentage of group). p-values are calculated between groups using either aMann–Whitney U-test or bFishers Exact test.
BMI, body-mass-index; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Vent., ventilation. Bold values indicate a p-value < 0.05.