TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of renal neuroendocrine neoplasms in NCDB
| n = 542 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis [IQR] | 62 [50–73] | ||
| Age groups, n (%) | |||
| <50 | 131 (24.2) | ||
| ≥50 | 411 (75.8) | ||
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Male | 281 (51.8) | ||
| Female | 261 (48.2) | ||
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 250 (83.0) | ||
| Black | 58 (10.7) | ||
| American Indian | 2 (0.4) | ||
| Asian and Pacific Islander | 22 (4.1) | ||
| Other | 4 (0.7) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (1.1) | ||
| Hispanic, n (%) | |||
| Hispanic | 25 (4.6) | ||
| Not Hispanic | 486 (89.7) | ||
| Unknown | 31 (5.7) | ||
| Insurance, n (%) | |||
| Private insurance/managed care | 241 (44.5) | ||
| Not insured | 13 (2.4) | ||
| Medicaid | 36 (6.6) | ||
| Medicare | 234 (43.2) | ||
| Other government | 4 (0.7) | ||
| Unknown | 14 (2.6) | ||
| Rural/urban, n (%) | |||
| Rural | 8 (1.5) | ||
| Urban | 509 (93.9) | ||
| Unknown | 25 (4.6) | ||
| Facility type, n (%) | |||
| Academic/research program | 187 (34.5) | ||
| Comprehensive community cancer program | 187 (34.5) | ||
| Community cancer program | 31 (5.7) | ||
| Integrated network cancer program | 81 (14.9) | ||
| Unknown | 56 (10.3) | ||
| Charlson–Deyo score, n (%) | |||
| 0 | 406 (74.9) | ||
| 1 | 89 (16.4) | ||
| 2 | 35 (6.5) | ||
| ≥3 | 12 (2.2) | ||
| Histology, n (%) | |||
| NET, Grade 1 (NET‐G1) | 166 (30.6) | ||
| NET, Grade 2 (NET‐G2) | 14 (2.6) | ||
| NEC, NOS (NEC‐NOS) | 169 (31.2) | ||
| Large cell NEC (LC‐NEC) | 18 (3.3) | ||
| Small cell NEC (SC‐NEC) | 175 (32.3) | ||
| Tumour size, n (%) | |||
| ≤ 2 cm | 357 (65.9) | ||
| >2 and <4 cm | 7 (1.3) | ||
| >4 cm | 2 (0.4) | ||
| Unknown/undocumented | 176 (32.5) | ||
| Laterality, n (%) | |||
| Left | 253 (6.7) | ||
| Right | 282 (52.0) | ||
| Bilateral/other/unknown | 7 (1.3) | ||
| AJCC T stage at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| T1 | 119 (22.0) | ||
| T2 | 66 (12.2) | ||
| T3 | 68 (12.5) | ||
| T4 | 37 (6.8) | ||
| TX/unknown | 252 (46.5) | ||
| AJCC N stage at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| N0 | 203 (37.5) | ||
| N1 | 107 (19.7) | ||
| N2 | 13 (2.4) | ||
| NX/unknown | 219 (40.4) | ||
| AJCC M stage at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| M0 | 247 (45.6) | ||
| M1 | 160 (29.5) | ||
| MX/unknown | 135 (24.9) | ||
| Sites of metastasis (if known), n (%) | |||
| Bone | 20/160 (12.5) | ||
| Brain | 8/160 (5.0) | ||
| Liver | 30/160 (18.8) | ||
| Lung | 20/160 (12.5) | ||
| AJCC clinical stage at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| Stage 1 | 75 (13.8) | ||
| Stage 2 | 27 (5.0) | ||
| Stage 3 | 58 (10.7) | ||
| Stage 4 | 185 (34.1) | ||
| Other/unknown | 197 (36.3) | ||
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 160 (29.5) | ||
| Adjuvant | 47/160 (29.4) | ||
| Neoadjuvant | 5/160 (3.1) | ||
| Sequence unknown | 8/160 (5.0) | ||
| No associated surgery | 100/160 (62.5) | ||
| None | 335 (61.8) | ||
| Unknown | 47 (8.7) | ||
| Immunotherapy, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 8 (1.5) | ||
| No | 534 (98.5) | ||
| Radiation therapy, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 71 (13.1) | ||
| Adjuvant | 21/71 (29.6) | ||
| Neoadjuvant | 0/71 (0.0) | ||
| Sequence unknown | 14/71 (19.7) | ||
| No associated surgery | 36/71 (50.7) | ||
| No | 471 (86.9) | ||
| Surgery, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 328 (60.5) | ||
| No | 214 (39.5) | ||
| Surgery rates by stage, n (%) | |||
| T1‐T2, non‐metastatic | 107/122 (87.7) | ||
| T3‐T4, non‐metastatic | 43/59 (72.9) | ||
| Metastatic | 37/160 (23.1) | ||
| Type of surgery, n (%) | |||
| Local excision/ablation | 12 (3.7) | ||
| Partial nephrectomy | 76 (23.2) | ||
| Nephrectomy | 239 (73.1) | ||
| Surgical approach, n (%) | |||
| Open | 92 (45.8) | ||
| Laparoscopic | 51 (25.4) | ||
| Robotic | 58 (28.9) | ||
| Regional lymph node dissection, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 129 (23.8) | ||
| No | 405 (74.7) | ||
| Unknown | 8 (1.5) | ||
| Median days from diagnosis to surgery [IQR] | 14 [0–43] | ||
| Surgical margins, n (%) | |||
| Negative | 248 (45.8) | ||
| Positive | 55 (10.1) | ||
| Not applicable/unknown | 239 (44.1) | ||
Note: Categorical variables reported using proportions and continuous variables reported using medians and interquartile ranges.