Fig. 1.

Distribution of CHU9D response in different samples. (1) In all dimensions, level 1 always indicates the best state of health, while level 5 always indicates the worst state. (2) CHU9D proxy version for under 5 years has same wording as older version, only with added guidance notes for dimensions “school,” “daily routine,” and “able to join activities” as appropriate for their age. For example, Dimension “school” asks parents to think about activities such as coloring, looking at books/reading, and concentrating, as appropriate for their child’s age if their children did not go to any preschool/nursery/kindergarten. (3) The groups are defined by a variable asking about special health care needs (yes, no) and a variable asking about the general health status of the child, with responses of excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor