Table 1.
Characteristics of research participants who enrolled and who completed the month-12 visit
| Enrolled baseline results | Enrolled and completed the month-12 visit month-12 results | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | PD cohort (n = 82) | Control cohort (n = 50) | P value | PD cohort without starting anti-Parkinson medication (n = 57) | Control cohort (n = 49) | P value | |
| Demographic characteristics | Age, y | 63.3 (9.4) | 60.2 (9.9) | 0.07 | 64.1 (9.4) | 61.5 (9.7) | 0.17 |
| Male, n (%) | 46 (56) | 18 (36) | 0.03 | 32 (56) | 18 (37) | 0.05 | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.81 | 0.51 | |||||
| White | 78 (95) | 48 (96) | 55 (96) | 47 (96) | |||
| Black or African American | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Asian | 3 (4) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 1 (2) | |||
| Not specified | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2) | |||
| Hispanic or Latino, n (%) | 3 (4) | 1 (2) | 0.99 | 2 (4) | 1 (2) | 0.99 | |
| Education >12 years, n (%) | 78 (95) | 48 (96) | 0.99 | 54 (95) | 47 (96) | 0.99 | |
| Clinical characteristics | Right or mixed handedness, n (%) | 74 (90) | 47 (94) | 0.53 | 51 (89) | 46 (94) | 0.50 |
| Parkinson’s disease duration, months | 10.0 (7.3) | N/A | N/A | 22.1 (7.3) | N/A | N/A | |
| Hoehn and Yahr, n (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
| Stage 0 | 0 (0) | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | 47 (96) | |||
| Stage 1 | 19 (23) | 0 (0) | 7 (12) | 1 (2) | |||
| Stage 2 | 62 (76) | 0 (0) | 49 (86) | 1 (2) | |||
| Stage 3–5 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |||
| MDS-UPDRS | |||||||
| Total score | 35.2 (12.4) | 5.9 (5.3) | <0.001 | 40.5 (14.2) | 6.4 (5.0) | <0.001 | |
| Part I | 5.5 (3.6) | 2.8 (2.6) | <0.001 | 5.9 (4.0) | 3.0 (3.5) | <0.001 | |
| Part II | 5.6 (3.8) | 0.4 (1.0) | <0.001 | 7.1 (4.7) | 0.4 (1.1) | <0.001 | |
| Part III | 24.1 (10.2) | 2.7 (3.5) | <0.001 | 27.4 (11.1) | 2.9 (3.3) | <0.001 | |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | 27.6 (1.4) | 28.1 (1.5) | 0.04 | 27.5 (2.3) | 28.5 (1.8) | 0.02 | |
| Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire | 7.7 (6.7) | N/A | N/A | 9.1 (8.3) | N/A | N/A | |
| Geriatric Depression Scale (short version) | 1.6 (1.9) | 1.0 (1.2) | 0.05 | 1.8 (1.5) | 1.0 (1.4) | 0.004 | |
| REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire | 4.4 (3.1) | 2.7 (2.0) | <0.001 | 4.5 (3.2) | 2.5 (2.1) | <0.001 | |
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale | 4.9 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.7) | 0.66 | 4.8 (2.5) | 4.4 (3.4) | 0.50 | |
| Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease for Autonomic Symptoms | 9.1 (5.1) | 5.3 (4.2) | <0.001 | 9.2 (5.4) | 5.1 (4.4) | <0.001 | |
PD Parkinson’s disease, N/A not available, MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorder Society—Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.
Results are mean (standard deviation) for continuous measures and n (%) for categorical measures.
One control cohort participant is missing baseline Hoehn and Yahr and MDS-UPDRS scores and one additional is missing the MDS-UPDRS part III and total scores.