Table 2.

Aggregated results of PSNR, SSIM, and MSE for the three models

	PCA	AE	αGAN	P-value
PSNR	26.51 ± 1.83	29.16 ± 1.40	25.36 ± 1.68	PCA–AE: p < 0.001 AE–αGAN: p < 0.001 PCA–αGAN: p < 0.001
SSIM	0.73 ± 0.05	0.80 ± 0.04	0.74 ± 0.04	PCA–AE: p < 0.001 AE–αGAN: p < 0.001 PCA–αGAN: p = 0.052
MSE	158.44 ± 69.60	83.05 ± 28.13	204.27 ± 86.12	PCA–AE: p < 0.001 AE–αGAN: p < 0.001 PCA–αGAN: p < 0.001

PCA principal component analysis, AE autoencoder, αGAN auto-encoding generative adversarial networks, PSNR peak signal-to-noise ratio, SSIM structural similarity, MSE mean squared error

P-values were adjusted using the Holm method