Table I.
Characteristics of the study population (n=30).
| Factor | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, years | |
| Mean ± S.D. | 70.5±9.82 |
| ≤70 | 15(50) |
| >70 | 15(50) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 13(43) |
| Female | 17(57) |
| Fracture site | |
| Femoral neck | 5(17) |
| Femoral diaphysis | 5(17) |
| Intertrochanteric | 6(20) |
| Subtrochanteric | 10(33) |
| Bilateral intertrochanteric | 1(3) |
| Proximal tibia | 2(7) |
| Distal femur | 1(3) |
| Type of cancer | |
| Lung | 9(30) |
| Breast | 7(23) |
| Kidney | 3(10) |
| Multiple myeloma | 4(13) |
| Liver | 2(7) |
| Gastric | 2(7) |
| Unknown | 1(3) |
| Esophageal | 1(3) |
| Uterine | 1(3) |
| N. metastases | |
| ≤3 | 4(13) |
| >3 | 26(87) |
| ECOG-PS (mean) | 2 |
| <2 | 14(47) |
| 2-3 | 14(47) |
| >3 | 2(7) |
| Adjuvant therapy | |
| Radiotherapy | 2(7) |
| Chemotherapy | 15(50) |
| Chemotherapy and radiotherapy | 10(33) |
| None | 3(10) |
| Treatment modality | |
| Intramedullary nail | 16(53) |
| Endoprosthesis | 1(3) |
| Fixation with plate | 1(3) |
| Bipolar head arthroplasty | 3(10) |
| Fixation with CHS | 3(10) |
| Bilateral intermedullary nail | 2(7) |
| Conservative | 2(7) |
| Artificial bone stem | 1(3) |
| Rt. bipolar head arthroplasty, Lt. fixation with CHS | 1(3) |
| Operating time, min | |
| Total | 92.0±38.7 |
| Impending fractures | 83.1±21.9a |
| Pathological fractures | 113.8±44.3 |
| 0-100 | 17 |
| >100 | 11 |
| Blood loss, ml | |
| Total | 50.0 (20-447) |
| Impending fractures | 46.4 (20-435) |
| Pathological fractures | 132.6 (20-447) |
| 0-60 | 15 |
| >60 | 13 |
| MSTS score | |
| Intramedullary nailing | 19.9±8.8 |
| Other surgical procedures | 22.0±10.9 |
| 0-10 | 8(27) |
| 11-20 | 7(23) |
| 21-30 | 15(50) |
| Outcome | |
| AWD | 19(63) |
| DOD | 11(37) |
| Follow-up period, months | |
| Mean | 6.5 |
| Range | 1-150 |
Values are expressed as n (%), the mean ± S.D. or median (range).
aP<0.05 vs. pathological fractures. Rt, right side; Lt, left side; S.D., standard deviation; ECOG-PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score for performance status; CHS, compression hip screw; MSTS, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society; CDF, continuous disease-free; AWD, alive with disease; DOD, dead of disease.