Table 2.
EQ-5D-5L and EORTC QLQ-C30 scores pre-operatively, at 6- and 12 months post-surgery.
| T0 | T6 | T12 | p-Value (vs. T0) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRQoL | (n = 333) | (n = 333) | (n = 333) | T6 | T12 |
| EQ-5D-5L | |||||
| Index | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 0.852 (0.143) | 0.799 (0.170) | 0.820 (0.192) | <0.001 | 0.006 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0.883 [0.271, 1.00] | 0.818 [−0.182, 1.00] | 0.852 [−0.261, 1.00] | ||
| VAS score | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 78.0 (16.4) | 74.3 (15.7) | 76.1 (15.4) | <0.001 | 0.039 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 80.0 [5.00, 100] | 78.0 [8.00, 100] | 80.0 [2.00, 100] | ||
| EORTC QLQ-C30 | |||||
| Global Quality of Life scale | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 77.6 (17.3) | 75.1 (18.4) | 77.1 (18.2) | 0.010 | 0.783 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 83.3 [16.7, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | ||
| Emotional functioning | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 74.5 (21.1) | 78.9 (22.7) | 82.4 (20.1) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 83.3 [0, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | 91.7 [0, 100] | ||
| Role functioning | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 83.9 (24.3) | 74.6 (27.1) | 79.7 (26.6) | <0.001 | 0.007 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 100 [0, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | ||
| Physical functioning | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 90.1 (15.4) | 84.5 (16.4) | 86.9 (15.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 93.3 [20.0, 100] | 86.7 [26.7, 100] | 93.3 [20.0, 100] | ||
| Cognitive functioning | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 87.7 (16.4) | 80.0 (23.4) | 82.8 (20.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 100 [16.7, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | 83.3 [0, 100] | ||
| Social functioning | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 88.5 (20.2) | 81.7 (25.1) | 85.8 (22.2) | <0.001 | 0.122 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 100 [0, 100] | 100 [0, 100] | 100 [0, 100] | ||
| Fatigue | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 22.9 (21.8) | 31.8 (24.1) | 25.4 (22.4) | <0.001 | 0.076 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 22.2 [0, 100] | 22.2 [0, 100] | 22.2 [0, 100] | ||
| Nausea and vomiting | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 4.96 (12.3) | 4.71 (11.0) | 3.65 (10.1) | 0.709 | 0.187 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 83.3] | 0 [0, 83.3] | 0 [0, 100] | ||
| Pain | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 13.5 (19.0) | 20.9 (22.1) | 19.6 (21.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 83.3] | 16.7 [0, 100] | 16.7 [0, 100] | ||
| Dyspnea | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 7.41 (16.9) | 13.9 (23.6) | 9.91 (19.1) | <0.001 | 0.014 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | ||
| Insomnia | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 27.7 (27.7) | 28.6 (30.0) | 25.8 (28.2) | 0.325 | 0.589 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 33.3 [0, 100] | 33.3 [0, 100] | 33.3 [0, 100] | ||
| Appetite loss | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 12.4 (21.8) | 7.61 (18.2) | 4.70 (13.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | ||
| Constipation | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 7.41 (18.1) | 8.51 (20.0) | 8.21 (18.8) | 0.334 | 0.279 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | ||
| Diarrhea | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 5.91 (15.1) | 4.10 (13.2) | 3.80 (12.9) | 0.134 | 0.099 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 66.7] | 0 [0, 66.7] | ||
| Financial difficulties | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 4.10 (14.6) | 8.61 (21.2) | 6.91 (18.7) | <0.001 | 0.01 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | 0 [0, 100] | ||
| Summary score | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 86.3 (11.4) | 83.0 (13.5) | 85.9 (12.5) | <0.001 | 0.746 |
| Median [Min, Max] | 90.1 [32.6, 100] | 85.4 [27.9, 100] | 88.8 [28.6, 100] | ||
Abbreviations: T0, baseline; T6, 6 months post-surgery; T12, 12 months post-surgery. Note: EORTC QLQ-C30 functional/global HRQoL scales, higher scores indicate better functioning; symptom scales, higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. Bold indicates p < 0.05.