Table 2. Measured and Modeled Exposure Summaries with Linear Mixed Model Statisticsa.
| measured
exposure |
modeled exposure |
model statistics |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| study site | model parameters | sample size | median (μg/m3) | mean (μg/m3) | SD (μg/m3) | sample size | median (μg/m3) | mean (μg/m3) | SD (μg/m3) | RMSE (μg/m3) | ICC | marginal R2 |
| HAPIN | study site + primary stove type + secondary stove type + participant cooked + other sources of smoke + primary lighting source + education + general kerosene use + occupation + stove use hours + kitchen location + roof material + wall material + season + temperature + humidity | 7165 | 7.1 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 5791 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 2.0 | 7.7 | 0.20 | 0.48 |
| Guatemala | primary stove type + secondary stove type + other sources of smoke + general kerosene use + kitchen volume + humidity + season | 2000 | 9.2 | 10 | 8.4 | 1799 | 9.7 | 7.8 | 1.7 | 6.9 | 0.25 | 0.50 |
| India | primary stove type + primary lighting source + general kerosene use + occupation + wall material + stove use hours + season + temperature + humidity | 1874 | 6.3 | 9.6 | 10.7 | 1784 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 8.7 | 0.18 | 0.45 |
| Peru | primary stove type + secondary stove type + stove use hours + participant cooked + kitchen location + age at baseline + family size | 1553 | 2.4 | 7.5 | 10.3 | 1516 | 4.5 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 8.3 | 0.24 | 0.46 |
| Rwanda | primary stove type + participant cooked + other sources of smoke + general kerosene use + occupation + food insecurity + kitchen volume + season | 1738 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 8.4 | 1142 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 1.6 | 5.8 | 0.06 | 0.49 |
a
SD = standard deviation; RMSE = root mean square error; ICC = intraclass correlation.