Table 2.

Relationship between spatial orientation errors and vestibular function (semicircular canal, utricular, saccular function) controlling for education), age, and sex. * indicates significant relationships, S.E. is standard error, 95% CI is the 95% confidence interval, VIF is variance inflation factor.

Variable	β	S.E.	95% CI	VIF
Age	0.39 *	0.11	[0.08, 0.61]	1.07
Sex
Female	Ref	Ref	Ref
Male	0.71	1.80	[−2.82, 4.26]	1.01
VOR gain
Bilaterally Normal VOR gain	Ref	Ref	Ref
Unilateral Reduced VOR gain	−6.28	5.64	[−17.3, 4.78]	1.04
Bilateral Reduced VOR gain	20.88 *	8.47	[4.27, 37.48]	1.01
Utricular Function
Bilaterally Present oVEMP	Ref	Ref	Ref
Unilaterally Absent oVEMP	−2.48	3.49	[−9.31, 4.36]	1.09
Bilaterally Absent oVEMP	9.32 *	3.90	[1.69, 16.96]	1.12
Sacular Function
Bilaterally Present cVEMP	Ref	Ref	Ref
Unilaterally Absent cVEMP	−1.48	2.82	[−7.01, 4.05]	1.14
Bilaterally Absent cVEMP	−1.20	2.70	[−6.50, 4.10]	1.14
Rotation size
45 Degree	Ref	Ref	Ref
90 Degree	9.33 *	1.08	[7.23, 11.44]	1.33
135 Degree	12.73 *	1.17	[10.44, 15.04]	1.33
Intercept	−20.69	8.22	[−36.8, −4.58