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. 2024 Jun 6;25(11):6262. doi: 10.3390/ijms25116262

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Preventive CCN5 treatment ameliorates MI-induced cardiac fibrosis without LV rupture. (A) Heart tissues from the preventive intervention were used for all experiments. The red-stained area indicated normal tissue and the blue-stained area indicated fibrotic tissue in Masson’s trichrome staining. WGA staining was performed to measure the cellular size of the heart. The green-stained area indicated a cellular membrane. Scale bar: 50 μm. (B) Fibrotic area was analyzed using a computer-assisted method. ImageJ plug-in software was used to measure the ratio of fibrotic area. (C) Cell surface area (CSA) was analyzed using a computer-assisted method. ImageJ plug-in software was used to measure CSA. (D) Cardiac tissue lysates (n = 6 for sham, n = 7 for ModRNA-Con, and n = 9 for ModRNA-CCN5) were immunoblotted with antibodies against FAP, Fibulin-1, α-SMA, CCN5, GAPDH, and TGF-β1. (E) Synthesized cDNAs were used to analyze the mRNA expression level of α-Sma, Tgf-β1, Fap, and Bnp by qRT-PCR. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.