| cfu | colony-forming unit(s) |
| GPCR | G-protein coupled receptor(s) |
| HIF | hypoxia-inducible factor |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IL | interleukin |
| LPS | lipopolysacchride(s) |
| SCFA(s) | short-chain fatty acid(s) |
| TJ(s) | tight junction(s) |
| TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
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